Moore C M, Elsinger C L, Lleras A
Department of Psychology, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 2001 May;63(4):595-606. doi: 10.3758/bf03194424.
Several studies have shown that targets defined on the basis of the spatial relations between objects yield highly inefficient visual search performance (e.g., Logan, 1994; Palmer, 1994), suggesting that the apprehension of spatial relations may require the selective allocation of attention within the scene. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that depth relations might be different in this regard and might support efficient visual search. This hypothesis was based, in part, on the fact that many perceptual organization processes that are believed to occur early and in parallel, such as figure-ground segregation and perceptual completion, seem to depend on the assignment of depth relations. Despite this, however, using increasingly salient cues to depth (Experiments 2-4) and including a separate test of the sufficiency of the most salient depth cue used (Experiment 5), no evidence was found to indicate that search for a target defined by depth relations is any different than search for a target defined by other types of spatial relations, with regard to efficiency of search. These findings are discussed within the context of the larger literature on early processing of three-dimensional characteristics of visual scenes.
多项研究表明，基于物体间空间关系定义的目标会产生极低效的视觉搜索表现（例如，洛根，1994；帕尔默，1994），这表明对空间关系的理解可能需要在场景内选择性地分配注意力。在本研究中，我们检验了这样一个假设，即深度关系在这方面可能有所不同，并且可能支持高效的视觉搜索。该假设部分基于这样一个事实，即许多被认为早期并行发生的知觉组织过程，如图形-背景分离和知觉完形，似乎都依赖于深度关系的分配。然而，尽管如此，通过使用越来越显著的深度线索（实验2 - 4）以及对所使用的最显著深度线索的充分性进行单独测试（实验5），未发现有证据表明，就搜索效率而言，搜索由深度关系定义的目标与搜索由其他类型空间关系定义的目标有任何不同。这些发现将在关于视觉场景三维特征早期处理的更广泛文献背景下进行讨论。
