Bar M, Ullman S
Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Perception. 1996;25(3):343-52. doi: 10.1068/p250343.
In recognizing objects and scenes, partial recognition of objects or their parts can be used to guide the recognition of other objects. Here, the role of individual objects in the recognition of complete figures and the influence of contextual information on the identification of ambiguous objects were investigated. Configurations of objects that were placed in either proper or improper spatial relations were used, and response times and error rates in a recognition task were measured. Two main results were obtained. First, proper spatial relations among the objects of a scene decrease response times and error rates in the recognition of individual objects. Second, the presence of objects that have a unique interpretation improves the identification of ambiguous objects in the scene. Ambiguous objects were recognized faster and with fewer errors in the presence of clearly recognized objects compared with the same objects in isolation or in improper spatial relations. The implications of these findings for the organization of recognition memory are discussed.
在识别物体和场景时，对物体或其部分的部分识别可用于指导对其他物体的识别。在此，研究了单个物体在完整图形识别中的作用以及上下文信息对模糊物体识别的影响。使用了处于适当或不适当空间关系中的物体配置，并测量了识别任务中的反应时间和错误率。获得了两个主要结果。第一，场景中物体之间的适当空间关系会减少识别单个物体时的反应时间和错误率。第二，具有唯一解释的物体的存在会提高场景中模糊物体的识别率。与孤立或处于不适当空间关系中的相同物体相比，在存在清晰识别的物体的情况下，模糊物体的识别速度更快且错误更少。讨论了这些发现对识别记忆组织的意义。
