Logan G D
Faculty of Psychology, University of Amsterdam.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1994 Oct;20(5):1015-36. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.20.5.1015.
Seven experiments examined the role of spatial attention in apprehending spatial relations above, below, left, and right. In Experiment 1, visual search was difficult when targets differed from distractors only in the spatial relation between their elements. Reaction time increased linearly with display size with a slope greater than 60 ms/item. In Experiment 2, search was easy (the slope was flat) when targets differed from distractors in the identity of their elements. In Experiments 3 and 4, target position was cued with a discrepant color, and performance was better when attention was pulled toward spatial-relation targets than away from them. Experiments 5-7 generalized the results over different displays and extended practice. The results suggest that apprehending spatial relations requires spatial attention.
七项实验研究了空间注意力在理解上下、左右空间关系中的作用。在实验1中，当目标与干扰项仅在其元素之间的空间关系上存在差异时，视觉搜索变得困难。反应时间随显示大小呈线性增加，斜率大于60毫秒/项。在实验2中，当目标与干扰项在元素特征上存在差异时，搜索变得容易（斜率平缓）。在实验3和4中，用不同颜色提示目标位置，当注意力被引向空间关系目标时，表现优于注意力被引离它们时。实验5 - 7将结果推广到不同的显示并延长了练习时间。结果表明，理解空间关系需要空间注意力。
