Gardon J, Héraud J M, Laventure S, Ladam A, Capot P, Fouquet E, Favre J, Weber S, Hommel D, Hulin A, Couratte Y, Talarmin A
Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 97306 Cayenne cedex, France.
J Infect Dis. 2001 Aug 1;184(3):278-84. doi: 10.1086/322034. Epub 2001 Jun 26.
The annual incidence of Q fever in French Guiana was found to have increased in 1996 and was 37/100,000 population over the last 4 years. Subsequent investigations in Cayenne and its suburbs indicated that a wild reservoir of the bacteria was responsible for the epidemiologic pattern. A case-control study showed that residence near a forest and occupations and activities that result in exposure to aerosols of dusts from the soil are risk factors for Q fever. By means of time-series analysis, a strong positive correlation between rainfall and the incidence of Q fever with a time lag of 1-3 months was found. The spatial distribution of the cases showed that transmission occurs widely throughout greater Cayenne, which is incompatible with a pinpoint source of contamination. Transmission from livestock and dissemination of the bacteria by the wind appeared to be unlikely, which strengthens the hypothesis that a wild reservoir is responsible for transmission.
法属圭亚那Q热的年发病率在1996年有所上升，过去4年中为每10万人中有37例。随后在卡宴及其郊区进行的调查表明，该细菌的野生宿主是导致这种流行病学模式的原因。一项病例对照研究表明，居住在森林附近以及从事会接触到土壤扬尘气溶胶的职业和活动是Q热的危险因素。通过时间序列分析，发现降雨与Q热发病率之间存在强烈的正相关，时间滞后为1 - 3个月。病例的空间分布表明，传播在大卡宴广泛发生，这与点状污染源不符。来自家畜的传播以及细菌随风传播似乎不太可能，这强化了野生宿主是传播原因的假说。
