Tanjasiri S P, Sablan-Santos L
Center for Community Health, School of Social Ecology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-7075, USA.
J Womens Health Gend Based Med. 2001 Jun;10(5):479-85. doi: 10.1089/152460901300233957.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Pacific Islander women, yet relatively little is known about their cancer risks and screening behaviors. Chamorros are indigenous people from Guam, and California is home to the largest numbers of Chamorros on the mainland United States. This study examined the breast cancer risk, knowledge, and screening behaviors in a nonprobability sample of Chamorro women age 40 years and older in Los Angeles and Orange Counties (n = 227). The proportional incidence ratio for breast cancer among Chamorro women was found to be 0.7 compared with white women in California, indicating a lower current breast cancer risk for Chamorro women compared with white women. Thirty-seven percent of respondents ever performed a breast self-examination (BSE), 93% ever had a clinical breast examination (CBE), and 77% ever had a mammogram. In terms of screening maintenance, only 27% did BSE monthly, 66% received a CBE in the past year, and 25% received yearly mammograms. Significant correlates of CBE were higher educational attainment, married status, higher income, and health insurance coverage. Women who knew of breast cancer symptoms, would undergo treatment, and would like to know if they had breast cancer were also more likely to have ever had a CBE. With regard to mammography, older age, moderate income, married status, and use of traditional healers and healing practices were associated with higher screening incidence. Implications of these findings for developing culturally tailored and appropriate cancer screening programs are discussed.
乳腺癌是太平洋岛民女性中最常见的癌症,但人们对她们的癌症风险和筛查行为了解相对较少。查莫罗人是来自关岛的原住民,而加利福尼亚是美国大陆上查莫罗人数量最多的地方。本研究调查了洛杉矶和奥兰治县40岁及以上查莫罗女性非概率样本中的乳腺癌风险、知识和筛查行为(n = 227)。与加利福尼亚的白人女性相比,查莫罗女性中乳腺癌的比例发病率为0.7,这表明与白人女性相比,查莫罗女性目前患乳腺癌的风险较低。37%的受访者曾进行过乳房自我检查(BSE),93%的人曾接受过临床乳房检查(CBE),77%的人曾进行过乳房X光检查。在筛查维持方面,只有27%的人每月进行BSE,66%的人在过去一年接受过CBE,25%的人每年进行乳房X光检查。CBE的显著相关因素包括受教育程度较高、已婚、收入较高和有医疗保险。知道乳腺癌症状、愿意接受治疗且想知道自己是否患有乳腺癌的女性也更有可能接受过CBE。关于乳房X光检查,年龄较大、收入中等、已婚以及使用传统治疗师和治疗方法与较高的筛查发生率相关。本文讨论了这些发现对制定文化上量身定制且合适的癌症筛查项目的意义。