Driessen M, Sommer B, Röstel C, Malchow C P, Rumpf H J, Adam B
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Universität zu Lübeck.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2001 Jun;51(6):239-45. doi: 10.1055/s-2001-14300.
From the patient's as well as from the therapist's point of view goals of therapy undoubtedly play an important role in all fields of psychological medicine (psychiatry, psychotherapy, psychosomatic medicine). On the other hand, there is a substantial lack of systematic i.e. empirical studies on this issue. Giving an overview on the available scientific literature we start by characterising therapeutic goals as a secondary psychological construction. Therapeutic goals and their multiple associations and different aspects of psychotherapy are discussed. However, a variety of definitions of therapeutic goals, often influenced by the therapeutic orientation of the authors, make it difficult to integrate concepts and to compare findings. Hence, we focus on those results which were found in relation to general concepts, i.e. beyond specific theoretical approaches. Furthermore, we discuss the pros and cons of individual measures of therapeutic goals compared with standardised self-rating instruments. Finally, we underline the lack of studies on therapeutic goals in the psychiatric sphere and report on some results of our own pilot study on the Personal Goals Questionnaire in psychiatric inpatients.
从患者和治疗师的角度来看，治疗目标在心理医学的所有领域（精神病学、心理治疗、心身医学）无疑都发挥着重要作用。另一方面，在这个问题上存在大量系统性的，即实证研究的不足。在对现有科学文献进行综述时，我们首先将治疗目标描述为一种次级心理建构。接着讨论治疗目标及其多种关联以及心理治疗的不同方面。然而，治疗目标的各种定义往往受到作者治疗取向的影响，这使得整合概念和比较研究结果变得困难。因此，我们关注那些与一般概念相关的结果，即超越特定理论方法的结果。此外，我们还讨论了与标准化自评工具相比，治疗目标的个体测量方法的优缺点。最后，我们强调在精神病学领域缺乏关于治疗目标的研究，并报告我们自己关于精神病住院患者个人目标问卷的初步研究结果。
