Atkinson J O, MacDorman M F, Parker J D
National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Viral Epidemiology Branch, Bethesda, Maryland 20852-7335, USA.
Ethn Dis. 2001 Spring-Summer;11(2):273-85.
In 1997, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) introduced revised standards for classification of federal data on race. The new standards include the option to report more than one race. Reasons for the new standards include a change over time in childbearing patterns by race.
To better understand how the new standards could impact different racial groups, we examined trends in interracial births in the United States from 1971-1995.
Birth certificate data were used to analyze over 36,000,000 US births from 1971-1995. Race of mother and race of father were divided into four categories (Black, White, American Indian, and Asian or Pacific-Islander), and four Asian or Pacific-Islander subcategories (Chinese, Japanese, Hawaiian, Filipino). The national percent of interracial births was calculated by race of parents for five-year intervals.
The percent of interracial births in the United States more than tripled from the 1971-1975 period to the 1991-1995 period, but remained relatively small overall (3.9% in 1991-95). The percent of interracial births increased most dramatically among Black (from 0.8% to 4.0%) and White (0.8% to 2.6%) mothers, but these births were much more common among American Indian and Asian or Pacific-Islander (47% and 22% in 1991-1995, respectively) mothers. Nearly half (45%) of all interracial births occurred to White-Black parents, followed by White-Asian or Pacific-Islander parents (33%).
Future statistical reporting of demographic and health characteristics by race of American Indian and Asian or Pacific-Islander populations could be impacted the most by the new OMB standards. For Whites and Blacks, the impact of multiracial reporting will be smaller, but is likely to increase.
1997年，管理与预算办公室（OMB）出台了联邦种族数据分类的修订标准。新标准包括可报告不止一种种族的选项。采用新标准的原因包括不同种族生育模式随时间的变化。
为了更好地理解新标准如何影响不同种族群体，我们研究了1971年至1995年美国跨种族生育的趋势。
利用出生证明数据对1971年至1995年美国超过3600万例出生情况进行分析。母亲种族和父亲种族分为四类（黑人、白人、美洲印第安人以及亚裔或太平洋岛民），且将亚裔或太平洋岛民细分为四个子类别（华裔、日裔、夏威夷裔、菲律宾裔）。按父母种族每五年计算一次全国跨种族生育的百分比。
从1971 - 1975年到1991 - 1995年，美国跨种族生育的百分比增长了两倍多，但总体上仍相对较低（1991 - 1995年为3.9%）。跨种族生育百分比增长最为显著的是黑人母亲群体（从0.8%增至4.0%）和白人母亲群体（从0.8%增至2.6%），但这些生育情况在美国印第安人和亚裔或太平洋岛民母亲群体中更为常见（1991 - 1995年分别为47%和22%）。几乎一半（45%）的跨种族生育发生在白人 - 黑人父母中，其次是白人 - 亚裔或太平洋岛民父母（33%）。
美国印第安人和亚裔或太平洋岛民群体按种族进行的人口统计和健康特征的未来统计报告可能受新的OMB标准影响最大。对于白人和黑人，多种族报告的影响较小，但可能会增加。
