Burr J A, Bean F D
Department of Sociology, State University of New York at Buffalo 14260, USA.
Soc Biol. 1996 Fall-Winter;43(3-4):218-41. doi: 10.1080/19485565.1996.9988925.
This paper employs data from a merged sample of the National Surveys of Family Growth to examine how female employment status conditions the relationship between education and wanted and unwanted births among African American and white women. A rationale is presented for why a minority group status hypothesis that posits lower fertility among more highly educated African American women as compared to similar white women might find support in the case of wanted births and among certain women, including earlier birth cohorts. Our results provide some evidence for these ideas as well as evidence for a social characteristics hypothesis that predicts convergence of childbearing with rising education. However, persistently higher levels of unwanted births among African American women of all educational levels suggest that the dynamics of racial fertility differences are more complex than either of the hypotheses imply.
本文采用来自《全国家庭成长调查》合并样本的数据，以研究女性就业状况如何影响非裔美国女性和白人女性中教育与意愿生育和非意愿生育之间的关系。文中阐述了一个理由，即为何少数群体地位假说（该假说认为，与类似的白人女性相比，受教育程度较高的非裔美国女性生育率较低）在意愿生育的情况下以及在某些女性群体（包括较早出生队列的女性）中可能会得到支持。我们的研究结果为这些观点提供了一些证据，同时也为预测生育与教育水平上升趋同的社会特征假说提供了证据。然而，所有教育水平的非裔美国女性中持续较高的非意愿生育水平表明，种族生育差异的动态比这两种假说所暗示的更为复杂。
