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大麻素激动剂CP 55,940诱导的条件性位置偏爱:与阿片系统的相互作用

Conditioned place preference induced by the cannabinoid agonist CP 55,940: interaction with the opioid system.

作者信息

Braida D, Pozzi M, Cavallini R, Sala M

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology, Chemotherapy and Medical Toxicology, University of Milan, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy.

出版信息

Neuroscience. 2001;104(4):923-6. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00210-x.

DOI:10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00210-x
PMID:11457579
Abstract

Cannabinoids appear atypical as drugs of abuse since controversial data exist concerning the ability to lower the thresholds for electrical self-stimulation (Stark and Dews, 1980; Gardner et al., 1988; Gardner, 1992) and to support self-administration (Martellotta et al., 1998; Tanda et al., 2000) or conditioned place preference in animals (Lepore et al., 1995; Parker and Gillies, 1995; McGregor et al., 1996; Sañudo-Peña et al., 1997; Chaperon et al., 1998; Hutcheson et al., 1998; Mallet and Beninger, 1998; Cheer et al., 2000; Valjent and Maldonado, 2000). Opioids and cannabinoids share some pharmacological properties (Manzanares et al., 1999). The most interactions were found in antinociception (Welch and Stevens, 1992; Smith et al., 1994) and, to a lesser extent, in drug reinforcement (Chen et al., 1990; Vela et al., 1995; Tanda et al., 1997). In the present study we asked whether: (1) a potent synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist, [(-)-cis-3-[2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptil)-phenyl]-trans-4-(3-hydroxy propyl) cyclohexanol] (CP 55,940) (from 10 to 40 microg/kg), which binds to the brain cannabinoid receptors with high affinity (Herkenham et al., 1991), would induce conditioned place preference, in comparison with heroin (from 0.1 to 5 mg/kg); (2) what type of receptor was involved; (3) what kind of interaction there was between the two drugs, when given in combination, on reward. CP 55,940 elicited a conditioned place preference only at a dose of 20 microg/kg similar in intensity to that of heroin (2 mg/kg). The reinforcing properties of the cannabinoid agonist were fully antagonised by pretreatment with the brain cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB(1)) antagonist, [N-piperidino-5-(4-chlorophenyl) 1-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)-4-methyl pyrazole-3-carboxamide hydrochloride] (SR 141716A) and naloxone. The combination of CP 55,940 and heroin, at the reinforcing doses, led to a reward which did not show any additive effect. Taken together these findings are important for understanding how the cannabinoids produce reward and the interconnection of the opioid and cannabinoid system in the motivation.

摘要

大麻素作为滥用药物显得较为特殊,因为关于其降低电刺激自身阈值的能力(斯塔克和杜斯,1980年;加德纳等人,1988年;加德纳,1992年)以及支持自我给药(马泰洛塔等人,1998年;坦达等人,2000年)或在动物中产生条件性位置偏爱方面存在有争议的数据(莱波雷等人,1995年;帕克和吉利斯,1995年;麦格雷戈等人,1996年;萨努多 - 佩尼亚等人,1997年;沙佩龙等人,1998年;哈奇森等人,1998年;马利特和贝宁格,1998年;奇尔等人,2000年;瓦尔让和马尔多纳多,2000年)。阿片类药物和大麻素具有一些药理学特性(曼萨纳雷斯等人,1999年)。在抗伤害感受方面发现了最多的相互作用(韦尔奇和史蒂文斯,1992年;史密斯等人,1994年),并且在较小程度上,在药物强化方面也有相互作用(陈等人,1990年;贝拉等人,1995年;坦达等人,1997年)。在本研究中,我们探讨了以下问题:(1)一种强效合成大麻素受体激动剂,[(-)-顺式-3-[2-羟基-4-(1,1-二甲基庚基)-苯基]-反式-4-(3-羟基丙基)环己醇](CP 55,940)(剂量为10至40微克/千克),它能与脑大麻素受体高亲和力结合(赫肯纳姆等人,1991年),与海洛因(剂量为0.1至5毫克/千克)相比,是否会诱导条件性位置偏爱;(2)涉及何种类型的受体;(3)两种药物联合给药时在奖赏方面存在何种相互作用。CP 55,940仅在20微克/千克的剂量下引发了与海洛因(2毫克/千克)强度相似的条件性位置偏爱。大麻素激动剂的强化特性被脑大麻素受体-1(CB(1))拮抗剂,[N-哌啶基-5-(4-氯苯基) 1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4-甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺盐酸盐](SR 141716A)和纳洛酮预处理完全拮抗。在强化剂量下,CP 55,940和海洛因的联合给药导致的奖赏没有显示出任何相加效应。综上所述,这些发现对于理解大麻素如何产生奖赏以及阿片类和大麻素系统在动机方面的相互联系具有重要意义。

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