Lignot J H, Charmantier G
Laboratoire d' Ecophysiologie des Invertébrés, Université de Montpellier II, Montpellier, France.
J Histochem Cytochem. 2001 Aug;49(8):1013-23. doi: 10.1177/002215540104900809.
We examined the ontogeny of the osmoregulatory sites of the branchial cavity in embryonic and early postembryonic stages of the European lobster Homarus gammarus through transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence microscopy, and immunogold electron microscopy using a monoclonal antibody IgGalpha(5) raised against the avian alpha-subunit of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. In mid-late embryos, Na(+),K(+)-ATPase was located along the pleurites and within the epipodite buds. In late embryos just before hatching, the enzyme was confined to the epipodite epithelia. After hatching, slight differentiations of ionocytes occured in the epipodites of larval stages. Na(+),K(+)-ATPase was also located in the ionocytes of the epipodites of larvae exposed to seawater (35.%o) and to dilute seawater (22.1 %o). After metamorphosis, the inner-side branchiostegite epithelium appeared as an additional site of enzyme location in postlarvae held in dilute seawater. Within the ionocytes, Na(+),K(+)-ATPase was mostly located along the basolateral infoldings. These observations are discussed in relation to the physiological shift from osmoconforming larvae to slightly hyper-regulating (in dilute seawater) postmetamorphic stages. The acquisition of the ability to hyper-osmoregulate probably originates from the differentiation, on the epipodites and mainly along the branchiostegites, of ionocytes that are the site of ion pumping as evidenced by the location of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase.
我们通过透射电子显微镜、免疫荧光显微镜和免疫金电子显微镜，使用针对鸡的Na(+)，K(+)-ATP酶α亚基产生的单克隆抗体IgGalpha(5)，研究了欧洲龙虾螯龙虾胚胎期和胚胎后期鳃腔渗透调节位点的个体发生。在胚胎中后期，Na(+)，K(+)-ATP酶位于侧板以及上肢芽内。在孵化前的晚期胚胎中，该酶局限于上肢上皮。孵化后，幼虫阶段的上肢出现了离子细胞的轻微分化。Na(+)，K(+)-ATP酶也位于暴露于海水（35‰）和稀释海水（22.1‰）的幼虫上肢的离子细胞中。变态后，在置于稀释海水中的后期幼虫中，内侧鳃盖骨上皮成为酶定位的另一个位点。在离子细胞内，Na(+)，K(+)-ATP酶大多位于基底外侧褶皱处。结合从渗透压顺应性幼虫到变态后阶段（在稀释海水中）轻微超调节的生理转变，对这些观察结果进行了讨论。超渗透压调节能力的获得可能源于上肢，主要是沿着鳃盖骨，离子细胞的分化，Na(+)，K(+)-ATP酶的定位证明这些离子细胞是离子泵的位点。
