Schmidt L G
Psychiatrische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universität Mainz.
MMW Fortschr Med. 2001 Jun 7;143(23):20-2.
The risk of developing a given alcohol-related illness must be considered on an individual basis. In patients with mood and anxiety disorders even moderate amounts of alcohol may lead to psychiatric problems. Comorbid alcohol-related disorders are found to be accumulated in patients with personality disturbances and in those with bipolar affective disorders. The reported favorable effects of moderate consumption of alcohol apply only when cardiovascular risks are present in the absence of other health risks that are aggravated by alcohol use. The concept of the "hazardous use of alcohol" is contained in the current issue of ICD-10. The transition to alcohol-induced disorders is characterized by the criteria for intoxication, injurious use and the dependency syndrome. A need for treatment or preventive measures may, however, be given even when these criteria have not (yet) been met.
必须根据个体情况考虑患特定酒精相关疾病的风险。对于患有情绪和焦虑障碍的患者，即使适量饮酒也可能导致精神问题。在患有个性障碍的患者以及双相情感障碍患者中，发现共病的酒精相关障碍会累积。报告的适度饮酒的有益效果仅适用于存在心血管风险且不存在因饮酒而加重的其他健康风险的情况。“酒精的有害使用”这一概念包含在当前版本的《国际疾病分类第10版》（ICD - 10）中。向酒精所致障碍的转变以中毒、有害使用和依赖综合征的标准为特征。然而，即使尚未满足这些标准，也可能需要进行治疗或采取预防措施。
