Alper J, Holmes L B, Mihm M C
J Pediatr. 1979 Nov;95(5 Pt 1):696-700. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80713-1.
Birthmarks of potential medical significance were identified among 4,641 newborn infants: 1.1% had a nevocellular nevus and 0.3% had a sebaceous nevus; 1.8% of black infants, but no white infants, had three or more café au lait spots. The large nevocellular nevus is considered premalignant, but the significance of the small nevocellular nevus has not been established. The sebaceous nevus fades after birth but undergoes hyperplasia at puberty. Multiple café au lait spots occur less commonly in white than in black infants, and are therefore of greater concern as possibly an early sign of neurofibromatosis.
在4641名新生儿中发现了具有潜在医学意义的胎记：1.1%有黑素细胞痣，0.3%有皮脂腺痣；1.8%的黑人婴儿有三个或更多的咖啡牛奶斑，白人婴儿则没有。大的黑素细胞痣被认为是癌前病变，但小的黑素细胞痣的意义尚未明确。皮脂腺痣出生后会消退，但在青春期会增生。白人婴儿出现多个咖啡牛奶斑的情况比黑人婴儿少见，因此更令人担忧，因为这可能是神经纤维瘤病的早期迹象。
