Podgorski T, Flesselles J M, Limat L
Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Phys Rev Lett. 2001 Jul 16;87(3):036102. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.036102. Epub 2001 Jun 27.
Small drops sliding down a partially wetting substrate bifurcate between different shapes depending on their capillary number Ca. At low Ca, they are delimited by a rounded, smooth contact line. At intermediate values they develop a corner at the trailing edge, the angle of which evolves from flat to 60 degrees with increasing velocity. Further up, they exhibit a cusped tail that emits smaller drops ("pearls"). These bifurcations may be qualitatively and quantitatively recovered by considering the dynamic contact angle along the contact line.
小液滴在部分润湿的基底上滑落时,会根据其毛细管数Ca在不同形状之间分叉。在低Ca值时,它们由圆形、光滑的接触线界定。在中间值时,它们在 trailing edge处形成一个角,随着速度增加,该角从平坦演变为60度。再往上,它们呈现出一个尖尾,会喷出较小的液滴(“珍珠”)。通过考虑沿接触线的动态接触角,可以定性和定量地重现这些分叉现象。