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一只家犬(犬属家犬)进行气味标记及区分自我与其他个体的观察:关于移位黄雪的故事。

Observations of scent-marking and discriminating self from others by a domestic dog (Canis familiaris): tales of displaced yellow snow.

作者信息

Bekoff M

机构信息

Department of Environmental, Population, and Organismic Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309-0334, Colorado, USA

出版信息

Behav Processes. 2001 Aug 15;55(2):75-79. doi: 10.1016/s0376-6357(01)00142-5.

Abstract

Little is known about what stimuli trigger urinating or scent-marking in domestic dogs, Canis familiaris, or their wild relatives. While it is often suggested that the urine of other animals influences urinating and scent-marking patterns in canids, this has not been verified experimentally. To investigate the role of urine in eliciting urinating and marking, in this pilot study I moved urine-saturated snow ('yellow snow') from place-to-place during five winters to compare the responses of an adult male domestic dog, Jethro, to his own and others' urine. Jethro spent less time sniffing his own urine than that of other males or females, and that while his interest in his own urine waned with time it remained relatively constant for other individuals' urine. Jethro infrequently urinated over or sniffed and then immediately urinated over (scent-marked) his own urine. He marked over the urine of other males more frequently than he marked over females' urine. The method used here can be extended to other species for which experimental data are lacking. Though based on one dog, these novel data may further our knowledge of the role of scent-marking in territorial behavior and of sex differences in territory acquisition and maintenance.

摘要

对于是什么刺激引发家犬(犬属)及其野生近亲排尿或留下气味标记,我们所知甚少。虽然人们常认为其他动物的尿液会影响犬科动物的排尿和气味标记模式,但这尚未得到实验验证。为了研究尿液在引发排尿和标记行为中的作用,在这项初步研究中,我在五个冬天里将尿液饱和的雪(“黄雪”)从一个地方移到另一个地方,以比较一只成年雄性家犬杰思罗对自己尿液和其他犬类尿液的反应。杰思罗嗅自己尿液的时间比嗅其他雄性或雌性尿液的时间少,而且虽然它对自己尿液的兴趣随时间减弱,但对其他个体尿液的兴趣相对保持不变。杰思罗很少在自己尿液上排尿或嗅闻后立即在上面排尿(留下气味标记)。它在其他雄性尿液上留下气味标记的频率比在雌性尿液上更高。这里使用的方法可以扩展到缺乏实验数据的其他物种。尽管这些新数据仅基于一只狗,但它们可能会增进我们对气味标记在领地行为中的作用以及领地获取和维持中性别差异的认识。

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