Schneider N R, Yeary R A
Am J Vet Res. 1975 Jul;36(7):941-7.
Elimination kinetics of nitrite and nitrate in the dog, sheep, and pony were determined. The elimination half-lives of nitrite were 0.499, 0.475, and 0.566 hours in the dog, sheep, and pony, respectively; those of nitrate were 44.681, 4.233, and 4.821 hours. Apparent specific volumes of distribution (V'd) of nitrite were variable among the 3 species--1,623.7 ml/kg in the dog, 278.0 ml/kg in the sheep, and 191.6 ml/kg in the pony. The V'd of nitrate were less varied--dog, 238.5 ml/kg; sheep, 291.1 ml/kg; and pony, 209.3 ml/kg. In the in vitro studies on protein binding in canine plasma, the extent of nitrite-protein binding varied directly with concentrations of 5 to 25 mug of NO2 minus/ml (4.5 to 13.6% bound), but inversely with concentrations of 50 to 100 mug of NO2 minus/ml (9.8 to 8.8% bound). Less than 1% of nitrate was bound to canine plasma at equimolar concentrations (5 to 100 mug of NO3 minus/ml).
测定了狗、绵羊和小马体内亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的消除动力学。狗、绵羊和小马体内亚硝酸盐的消除半衰期分别为0.499小时、0.475小时和0.566小时；硝酸盐的消除半衰期分别为44.681小时、4.233小时和4.821小时。三种动物中亚硝酸盐的表观分布比容（V'd）各不相同——狗为1623.7毫升/千克，绵羊为278.0毫升/千克，小马为191.6毫升/千克。硝酸盐的V'd变化较小——狗为238.5毫升/千克，绵羊为291.1毫升/千克，小马为209.3毫升/千克。在对犬类血浆中蛋白质结合的体外研究中，亚硝酸盐与蛋白质的结合程度随浓度在5至25微克NO₂⁻/毫升之间直接变化（结合率为4.5%至13.6%），但随浓度在50至100微克NO₂⁻/毫升之间呈反比变化（结合率为9.8%至8.8%）。在等摩尔浓度（5至100微克NO₃⁻/毫升）下，不到1%的硝酸盐与犬类血浆结合。
