新生儿几种口服青霉素的药理学
Pharmacology of some oral penicillins in the newborn infant.
作者信息
Cohen M D, Raeburn J A, Devine J, Kirkwood J, Elliott B, Cockburn F, Forfar J O
出版信息
Arch Dis Child. 1975 Mar;50(3):230-4. doi: 10.1136/adc.50.3.230.
Abstract
Serum and urine concentrations of ampicillin, amoxycillin, and flucloxacillin achieved after oral administration have been measured in 27 newborn infants. Compared with adults and children, newborn infants show a delay in achieving adequate blood concentrations, presumably due to delayed absorption. However most infants achieve therapeutic concentrations in the serum. Infected newborn infants should be given these antibiotics by intramuscular injection for the first dose, but thereafter oral therapy (25 mg/lg every 6 hours begun concomitantly) should be satisfactory. The better absorption of amoxycillin compared with ampicillin reported in adults has not been confirmed in the newborn infant.
摘要
对27名新生儿口服氨苄西林、阿莫西林和氟氯西林后的血清及尿液浓度进行了测定。与成人和儿童相比，新生儿达到足够血药浓度的时间有所延迟，推测是由于吸收延迟所致。然而，大多数婴儿血清中能达到治疗浓度。感染的新生儿首剂应通过肌肉注射给予这些抗生素，但之后口服治疗（每6小时25mg/kg，同时开始）应是令人满意的。在成人中报道的阿莫西林相比氨苄西林有更好的吸收情况，在新生儿中尚未得到证实。
相似文献
1
Pharmacology of some oral penicillins in the newborn infant.新生儿几种口服青霉素的药理学
Arch Dis Child. 1975 Mar;50(3):230-4. doi: 10.1136/adc.50.3.230.
2
Experimental studies of amoxycillin-flucloxacillin combination.
Antibiotica. 1974 Jun;12(2):88-106.
3
[Experience in pediatrics with a combination of ampicillin and flucloxacillin drops].
Minerva Pediatr. 1979 May 31;31(10):813-8.
4
Oral absorption of flucloxacillin in infants and young children.
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1986 Apr;58(4):255-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1986.tb00105.x.
5
Magnapen treatment of infections in the elderly.老年人感染的大剂量青霉素治疗
J Int Med Res. 1979;7(1):52-6. doi: 10.1177/030006057900700108.
6
Pharmacokinetics of free and total flucloxacillin in newborn infants.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1987;32(4):403-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00543977.
7
[Blood levels of amoxicillin in humans after oral administration, singly or in combinations].
Clin Ter. 1978 Aug 31;86(4):311-8.
8
[Pharmacokinetic and therapeutic study of a new combination of semisynthetic penicillins in adults].
Clin Ter. 1977 Jan 31;80(2):133-58.
9
The oral absorption of ampicillin, pivampicillin and amoxycillin in infants and children.氨苄西林、匹氨西林和阿莫西林在婴幼儿及儿童中的口服吸收情况。
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1981 Jul;49(1):38-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1981.tb00867.x.
引用本文的文献
1
Developmental Pharmacokinetics of Antibiotics Used in Neonatal ICU: Focus on Preterm Infants.新生儿重症监护病房使用的抗生素的发育药代动力学：关注早产儿。
Biomedicines. 2023 Mar 17;11(3):940. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11030940.
2
Oral antibiotics for neonatal infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.口服抗生素治疗新生儿感染：系统评价和荟萃分析。
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2019 Nov 1;74(11):3150-3161. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkz252.
3
Scientific rationale for study design of community-based simplified antibiotic therapy trials in newborns and young infants with clinically diagnosed severe infections or fast breathing in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲地区以临床诊断患有严重感染或呼吸急促的新生儿和婴儿为对象的基于社区的简化抗生素治疗试验的研究设计的科学依据。
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013 Sep;32 Suppl 1(Suppl 1 Innovative Treatment Regimens for Severe Infections in Young Infants):S7-11. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31829ff5fc.
4
Length of intravenous antibiotic therapy and treatment failure in infants with urinary tract infections.尿路感染婴儿静脉抗生素治疗时间与治疗失败的关系。
Pediatrics. 2010 Aug;126(2):196-203. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-2948. Epub 2010 Jul 12.
5
Therapeutic amoxicillin levels achieved with oral administration in term neonates.足月儿口服阿莫西林后达到的治疗性血药浓度。
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Jul;63(7):657-62. doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0307-3. Epub 2007 May 12.
6
The effect of semisynthetic penicillins on the binding of bilirubin by neonatal serum.半合成青霉素对新生儿血清结合胆红素的影响。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1980 Jan;9(1):61-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1980.tb04798.x.
7
Displacement of bilirubin from cord serum by sulphadimethoxine, amoxycillin, clavulanic acid in combination with either amoxycillin or ticarcillin, temocillin and cloxacillin.磺胺二甲氧嘧啶、阿莫西林、克拉维酸分别与阿莫西林或替卡西林联用、替莫西林及氯唑西林对脐血血清中胆红素的置换作用。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1985 Oct;20(4):345-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb05075.x.
8
Pharmacokinetics of free and total flucloxacillin in newborn infants.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1987;32(4):403-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00543977.
9
Clinical pharmacology of the perinatal period and early infancy.围产期和婴儿早期的临床药理学。
Clin Pharmacokinet. 1989;17 Suppl 1:13-28. doi: 10.2165/00003088-198900171-00004.
10
Plasma, bone, hip capsule and drain fluid concentrations of ampicillin and flucloxacillin during total hip replacement after intravenous bolus injection of magnapen.静脉推注美洛培南后全髋关节置换术中氨苄西林和氟氯西林的血浆、骨、髋关节囊及引流液浓度。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1978 Aug;6(2):135-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1978.tb00838.x.
本文引用的文献
1
2
Serum levels of ampicillin, cephalothin, cloxacillin, and nafcillin in the newborn infant.新生儿血清中氨苄西林、头孢噻吩、氯唑西林和萘夫西林的水平。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Bethesda). 1965;5:214-9.
3
Amoxycillin--pharmacology, bacteriology and clinical studies.
Br J Clin Pract. 1972 Jul;26(7):341-6.
4
Simplified, accurate method for antibiotic assay of clinical specimens.临床标本抗生素检测的简化、准确方法。
Appl Microbiol. 1966 Mar;14(2):170-7. doi: 10.1128/am.14.2.170-177.1966.
5
Serum concentrations of ampicillin in newborn infants after oral administration.口服给药后新生儿血清中氨苄西林的浓度。
Pediatrics. 1973 Mar;51(3):578-80.
6
Broad or narrow spectrum therapy? Studies with ampicillin and azidocillin in acute chest infections.广谱还是窄谱疗法？氨苄西林和叠氮西林治疗急性胸部感染的研究。
Scand J Infect Dis. 1973;5(2):141-4. doi: 10.3109/inf.1973.5.issue-2.09.
Zotero 插件