Greer I A, Thomson A J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2001 Aug;15(4):583-603. doi: 10.1053/beog.2001.0202.
Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is the major cause of maternal death in the UK, with recent trends showing an increase in the numbers of deaths. Underlying PTE is the problem of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). An appreciation of risk factors, particularly, thrombophilia, and signs or symptoms suggestive of thromboembolism, coupled with objective diagnosis and treatment should reduce mortality and morbidity. There are particular considerations with regard to the management of thrombosis in pregnancy, especially the use of anticoagulants. Low-molecular-weight heparins are now replacing unfractionated heparin for the treatment of DVT and PTE in pregnancy.
肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)是英国孕产妇死亡的主要原因,近期趋势显示死亡人数有所增加。PTE的根本问题是深静脉血栓形成(DVT)。了解危险因素,尤其是血栓形成倾向,以及提示血栓栓塞的体征或症状,再加上客观的诊断和治疗,应能降低死亡率和发病率。在妊娠血栓形成的管理方面有一些特殊考虑因素,尤其是抗凝剂的使用。低分子量肝素目前正在取代普通肝素用于治疗妊娠期DVT和PTE。