公平——一些理论及其政策含义。
Equity - some theory and its policy implications.
作者信息
Culyer A J
机构信息
Department of Economics & related Subjects, University of York, Heslington.
出版信息
J Med Ethics. 2001 Aug;27(4):275-83. doi: 10.1136/jme.27.4.275.
This essay seeks to characterise the essential features of an equitable health care system in terms of the classical Aristotelian concepts of horizontal and vertical equity, the common (but ill-defined) language of "need" and the economic notion of cost-effectiveness as a prelude to identifying some of the more important issues of value that policy-makers will have to decide for themselves; the characteristics of health (and what determines it) that can cause policy to be ineffective (or have undesired consequences); the information base that is required to support a policy directed at securing greater equity, and the kinds of research (theoretical and empirical) that are needed to underpin such a policy.
本文旨在根据亚里士多德经典的横向和纵向公平概念、常见（但定义模糊）的“需求”语言以及成本效益的经济概念，描述公平医疗体系的基本特征，以此作为确定政策制定者必须自行决定的一些更重要价值问题的前奏；探讨可能导致政策无效（或产生不良后果）的健康特征（及其决定因素）；支持旨在实现更大公平的政策所需的信息基础，以及支撑该政策所需的各类研究（理论研究和实证研究）。
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