Bliss D Z, Jung H J, Savik K, Lowry A, LeMoine M, Jensen L, Werner C, Schaffer K
School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Nurs Res. 2001 Jul-Aug;50(4):203-13. doi: 10.1097/00006199-200107000-00004.
Human studies have shown that dietary fiber affects stool composition and consistency. Because fecal incontinence has been shown to be exacerbated by liquid stools or diarrhea, management strategies that make stool consistency less loose or liquid may be useful.
To compare the effects of a fiber supplement containing psyllium, gum arabic, or a placebo in community-living adults who were incontinent of loose or liquid stools. Mechanisms underlying these effects (e.g., fermentation of the fibers and water-holding capacity of stools) were examined.
Thirty-nine persons with fecal incontinence of loose or liquid stools prospectively recorded diet intake and stool characteristics and collected their stools for 8 days prior to and at the end of a 31-day fiber supplementation period. During the fiber supplementation period, they ingested psyllium, gum arabic, or a placebo by random assignment.
In the baseline period, the groups were comparable on all variables measured. In the fiber supplementation period, (a) the proportion of incontinent stools of the groups ingesting the fiber supplements was less than half that of the group ingesting the placebo, (b) the placebo group had the greatest percentage of stools that were loose/unformed or liquid, and (c) the psyllium group had the highest water-holding capacity of water-insoluble solids and total water-holding capacity. The supplements of dietary fiber appeared to be completely fermented by the subjects as indicated by nonsignificant differences in total fiber, short chain fatty acids and pH in stools among the groups in the baseline or fiber supplementation periods.
Supplementation with dietary fiber from psyllium or gum arabic was associated with a decrease in the percentage of incontinent stools and an improvement of stool consistency. Improvements in fecal incontinence or stool consistency did not appear to be related to unfermented dietary fiber.
人体研究表明，膳食纤维会影响粪便的成分和稠度。由于已证明液体粪便或腹泻会加重大便失禁，因此使粪便稠度不那么稀或呈液体状的管理策略可能会有所帮助。
比较含有车前草、阿拉伯胶的纤维补充剂或安慰剂对社区生活中大便失禁的成年人的影响。研究了这些影响的潜在机制（例如，纤维的发酵和粪便的持水能力）。
39名大便失禁的人前瞻性地记录饮食摄入量和粪便特征，并在31天的纤维补充期之前和结束时收集8天的粪便。在纤维补充期，他们通过随机分配摄入车前草、阿拉伯胶或安慰剂。
在基线期，各小组在所有测量变量上具有可比性。在纤维补充期，（a）摄入纤维补充剂的小组中失禁粪便的比例不到摄入安慰剂小组的一半，（b）安慰剂小组中稀便/不成形或液体状粪便的百分比最高，（c）车前草小组的水不溶性固体持水能力和总持水能力最高。各小组在基线期或纤维补充期粪便中的总纤维、短链脂肪酸和pH值无显著差异，这表明膳食纤维补充剂似乎被受试者完全发酵了。
补充车前草或阿拉伯胶中的膳食纤维与失禁粪便百分比的降低和粪便稠度的改善有关。大便失禁或粪便稠度的改善似乎与未发酵的膳食纤维无关。
