Davies P T, Windle M
Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, NY 14627-0266, USA.
Child Dev. 2001 Jul-Aug;72(4):1163-78. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00340.
This prospective study of 360 adolescent-mother dyads examined whether associations between marital discord and trajectories of adolescent depressive symptoms and delinquency varied as a function of three intrapersonal attributes: temperament, childhood behavior problems, and perceived family support. Difficult temperament (i.e., dysrhythmicity, poor task orientation) potentiated the effects of marital discord on adolescent trajectories of adjustment, whereas heightened perceptions of family support protected adolescents from the adverse effects of marital discord. Adolescents with behavior problem histories were initially less vulnerable to marital discord; however, the high levels of depressive symptoms exhibited by adolescents with childhood behavior problems persisted over time only when they were exposed to elevated marital discord. The effects of the moderators differed in terms of duration and course.
这项针对360对青少年-母亲二元组的前瞻性研究考察了婚姻不和与青少年抑郁症状轨迹及犯罪行为之间的关联是否会因三种个人内在特质而有所不同，这三种特质分别是气质、童年行为问题和感知到的家庭支持。难养型气质（即节律紊乱、任务导向性差）增强了婚姻不和对青少年适应轨迹的影响，而对家庭支持的更高感知则保护青少年免受婚姻不和的不利影响。有行为问题史的青少年最初对婚姻不和的易感性较低；然而，有童年行为问题的青少年所表现出的高水平抑郁症状只有在他们暴露于加剧的婚姻不和时才会随着时间的推移持续存在。调节因素的影响在持续时间和过程方面存在差异。
