Aucouturier J, Deville S, Perret C, Vallée I, Boireau P
SEPPIC, 75, Quai d'Orsay, 75321 Paris, France.
Parasite. 2001 Jun;8(2 Suppl):S126-32. doi: 10.1051/parasite/200108s2126.
Trichinellosis, a re-emerging zoonosis in several countries and pig, is the main species responsible for its transmission to human. Vaccination of swine could be an alternative to prevent the risk of human contamination. In order to develop an efficient and safe inactivate vaccine, the choice of the adjuvant is an important issue. The aim of this study was to develop and select potent and safe adjuvants by screening them in an experimental model with a crude soluble antigen from L1 muscular larvae (ML) of Trichinella spiralis (Ts). The efficacy was checked by the quantification of specific antibody levels. Specific and non-specific IgE antibody levels were also assessed. Safety was checked by the assessment of the local reaction at the injection site. Various Montanide ISA adjuvant formulations including water in oil, oil in water and multiphasic emulsions, but also nanoparticles or microbeads were tested. The results clearly showed differences between the antibody responses induced by the adjuvants and demonstrated the necessity to use an adjuvant to obtain a specific IgG (IgG1 or IgG2a) response directed against the total soluble extract of Ts. All the formulations enhanced the humoral immune response. The origin of the oil contained in the emulsions played an important role on the efficacy. Indeed emulsions based on mineral oils were more efficient than those based on metabolisable oils. However it was linked with stronger local reactions. Multiphasic and oil in water emulsions but also nanoparticles failed to induce IgG2a antibody levels. Microbeads and water in oil formulations based on mineral oils were more efficient. This experimentation allowed then the selection of several adjuvants which efficacy will be further investigated by a challenge test and an analysis of the cellular populations involved in the mechanism of the immune response.
旋毛虫病是一种在多个国家重新出现的人畜共患病，猪是将其传播给人类的主要宿主物种。给猪接种疫苗可能是预防人类感染风险的一种替代方法。为了开发一种高效且安全的灭活疫苗，佐剂的选择是一个重要问题。本研究的目的是通过在实验模型中用旋毛虫（Ts）L1肌幼虫（ML）的粗可溶性抗原筛选佐剂，来开发和选择强效且安全的佐剂。通过定量特异性抗体水平来检查疗效。还评估了特异性和非特异性IgE抗体水平。通过评估注射部位的局部反应来检查安全性。测试了各种Montanide ISA佐剂配方，包括油包水、水包油和多相乳液，还有纳米颗粒或微珠。结果清楚地显示了佐剂诱导的抗体反应之间的差异，并证明了使用佐剂以获得针对Ts总可溶性提取物的特异性IgG（IgG1或IgG2a）反应的必要性。所有配方都增强了体液免疫反应。乳液中所含油的来源对疗效起着重要作用。实际上，基于矿物油的乳液比基于可代谢油的乳液更有效。然而，这与更强的局部反应有关。多相和水包油乳液以及纳米颗粒未能诱导IgG2a抗体水平。基于矿物油的微珠和油包水配方更有效。然后，通过攻毒试验和对免疫反应机制中涉及的细胞群体进行分析，对几种佐剂的疗效进行进一步研究，从而完成了这项实验。
