Obiechina A E, Arotiba J T, Fasola A O
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University College Hospital, PMB. 5116, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Odontostomatol Trop. 2001 Mar;24(93):22-5.
Three hundred and thirty eight patients between the ages of 16 and 54 years (mean 24.4, standard deviation 6.1 years) were seen. They presented with 473 impacted mandibular third molars. A total of 341 (72.09%) impaction were seen in patients between the ages of 16 to 25 years, while 420 (88.8%) impaction were seen between the ages of 16 to 30 years. Assessing the level of impaction using Pell and Gregory classification showed that 358 (54.55%) impaction were in position A, 151 (31.92%) were in position B while 64 (13.53%) were in position C. One hundred and seven (22.62%) were in position I, 288 (60.89%) were in position II, while 78 (16.49%) were in position III. Of the 473 impacted mandibular third molars, 323 (68.29%) had symptoms of pain. Two hundred and seventy two (57.51%) impacted teeth were associated with pathology. Out of these, 203 (42.92%) were pericoronitis and periodontal disease, 66 (13.95%) were caries, while 3 (0.63%) were associated with cysts. In conclusion, the level of impaction suggests that a remarkable number of impacted mandibular third molars should be removed under general anesthesia. There is need for further studies to determine the levels of impaction, the types of anesthesia used during extraction and the outcome.
共观察了338例年龄在16至54岁之间（平均24.4岁，标准差6.1岁）的患者。他们共有473颗下颌阻生第三磨牙。16至25岁的患者中共有341例（72.09%）出现阻生，而16至30岁的患者中有420例（88.8%）出现阻生。采用佩尔和格雷戈里分类法评估阻生水平，结果显示358例（54.55%）阻生处于A位，151例（31.92%）处于B位，64例（13.53%）处于C位。107例（22.62%）处于I位，288例（60.89%）处于II位，78例（16.49%）处于III位。在473颗下颌阻生第三磨牙中，323颗（68.29%）有疼痛症状。272颗（57.51%）阻生牙伴有病变。其中，203颗（42.92%）为冠周炎和牙周疾病，66颗（13.95%）为龋齿，3颗（0.63%）与囊肿有关。总之，阻生水平表明，相当数量的下颌阻生第三磨牙应在全身麻醉下拔除。需要进一步研究以确定阻生水平、拔牙时使用的麻醉类型及结果。
