Treloar H B, Bartolomei J C, Lipscomb B W, Greer C A
Department of Neurosurgery, Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208082, New Haven, CT 06520-8082, USA.
Neuroscientist. 2001 Feb;7(1):55-63. doi: 10.1177/107385840100700109.
The olfactory pathway has emerged recently as an effective model for studying general principles of axon extension and regeneration. A variety of both trophic as well as repulsive molecules are found in the olfactory pathway and are being characterized for their roles in promoting the high capacity for plasticity and growth in olfactory receptor cell axons. In addition, olfactory ensheathing cells, which line the olfactory nerve, have been shown to promote axon extension not only in the olfactory pathway but also in the injured spinal cord. This review summarizes some of our current knowledge of these mechanisms and how they may function collectively to promote axon plasticity.
嗅觉通路最近已成为研究轴突延伸和再生一般原理的有效模型。在嗅觉通路中发现了多种营养分子和排斥分子，并且正在对它们在促进嗅觉受体细胞轴突的高可塑性和生长能力方面的作用进行表征。此外，嗅神经周围的嗅鞘细胞已被证明不仅能促进嗅觉通路中的轴突延伸，还能促进受损脊髓中的轴突延伸。本综述总结了我们目前对这些机制的一些认识，以及它们如何共同发挥作用以促进轴突可塑性。
