Quirce S, Marañón F, Umpiérrez A, de las Heras M, Fernández-Caldas E, Sastre J
Allergy Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, Madrid, Spain.
Allergy. 2001 Aug;56(8):754-62. doi: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056008754.x.
Chicken serum albumin (alpha-livetin) has been implicated as the causative allergen of the bird-egg syndrome. However, the clinical relevance of sensitization to this allergen has not been confirmed by specific challenge tests and environmental sampling. We investigated whether chicken albumin can be detected in air samples collected in a home with birds, and whether sensitization to this protein may cause respiratory and food allergy symptoms. The heat resistance of chicken albumin and the possible cross-reactivity with conalbumin were also investigated.
We studied eight patients with food allergy to egg yolk who also suffered from respiratory symptoms (rhinitis and/or asthma) caused by exposure to birds. Sensitization to egg yolk and bird antigens was investigated by skin and serologic tests. Hypersensitivity to chicken albumin was confirmed by specific bronchial, conjunctival, and oral provocation tests.
All patients had positive skin tests and serum IgE against egg yolk, chicken serum, chicken meat, bird feathers, and chicken albumin. The presence of airborne chicken albumin in the domestic environment was confirmed. Specific bronchial challenge to chicken albumin elicited early asthmatic responses in six patients with asthma. An oral challenge with chicken albumin provoked digestive and systemic allergic symptoms in the two patients challenged. IgE reactivity to chicken albumin was reduced by 88% after heating at 90 degrees C for 30 min. ELISA inhibition demonstrated only partial cross-reactivity between chicken albumin and conalbumin.
Chicken albumin (Gal d 5) is a partially heat-labile allergen that may cause both respiratory and food-allergy symptoms in patients with the bird-egg syndrome.
鸡血清白蛋白（α-卵黄类粘蛋白）被认为是鸟蛋综合征的致敏原。然而，针对该过敏原致敏的临床相关性尚未通过特异性激发试验和环境采样得到证实。我们调查了在有鸟类的家庭中采集的空气样本中是否能检测到鸡白蛋白，以及对这种蛋白质的致敏是否会引起呼吸道和食物过敏症状。我们还研究了鸡白蛋白的耐热性以及与伴白蛋白可能存在的交叉反应性。
我们研究了8例对蛋黄过敏且因接触鸟类而出现呼吸道症状（鼻炎和/或哮喘）的患者。通过皮肤和血清学试验调查对蛋黄和鸟类抗原的致敏情况。通过特异性支气管、结膜和口服激发试验确认对鸡白蛋白的超敏反应。
所有患者针对蛋黄、鸡血清、鸡肉、鸟羽毛和鸡白蛋白的皮肤试验和血清IgE均呈阳性。证实了家庭环境中存在空气中的鸡白蛋白。对鸡白蛋白进行特异性支气管激发试验，6例哮喘患者出现了早期哮喘反应。对2例受挑战患者进行鸡白蛋白口服激发试验，引发了消化和全身过敏症状。在90℃加热30分钟后，对鸡白蛋白的IgE反应性降低了88%。酶联免疫吸附测定抑制试验表明，鸡白蛋白和伴白蛋白之间仅存在部分交叉反应性。
鸡白蛋白（Gal d 5）是一种部分热不稳定的过敏原，可能在鸟蛋综合征患者中引起呼吸道和食物过敏症状。
