Kucuk O, Sarkar F H, Sakr W, Djuric Z, Pollak M N, Khachik F, Li Y W, Banerjee M, Grignon D, Bertram J S, Crissman J D, Pontes E J, Wood D P
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Wayne State University, and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001 Aug;10(8):861-8.
An inverse association has been observed between dietary intake of lycopene and the risk of prostate cancer. We investigated the effects of lycopene supplementation in patients with prostate cancer. Twenty-six men with newly diagnosed, clinically localized (14 T(1) and 12 T(2)) prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive 15 mg of lycopene (n = 15) twice daily or no supplementation (n = 11) for 3 weeks before radical prostatectomy. Biomarkers of differentiation and apoptosis were assessed by Western blot analysis on benign and malignant parts of the prostate gland. Prostatectomy specimens were entirely embedded, step-sectioned, and evaluated for pathological stage, Gleason score, volume of cancer, and extent of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Plasma levels of lycopene, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), IGF binding protein-3, and prostate-specific antigen were measured at baseline and after 3 weeks of supplementation or observation. Eleven (73%) subjects in the intervention group and two (18%) subjects in the control group had no involvement of surgical margins and/or extra-prostatic tissues with cancer (P = 0.02). Twelve (84%) subjects in the lycopene group and five (45%) subjects in the control group had tumors <4 ml in size (P = 0.22). Diffuse involvement of the prostate by high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia was present in 10 (67%) subjects in the intervention group and in 11 (100%) subjects in the control group (P = 0.05). Plasma prostate-specific antigen levels decreased by 18% in the intervention group, whereas they increased by 14% in the control group (P = 0.25). Expression of connexin 43 in cancerous prostate tissue was 0.63 +/- 0.19 absorbance in the lycopene group compared with 0.25 +/- 0.08 in the control group (P = 0.13). Expression of bcl-2 and bax did not differ significantly between the two study groups. IGF-1 levels decreased in both groups (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.0003, respectively). The results suggest that lycopene supplementation may decrease the growth of prostate cancer. However, no firm conclusions can be drawn at this time because of the small sample size.
番茄红素的膳食摄入量与前列腺癌风险之间存在负相关。我们研究了补充番茄红素对前列腺癌患者的影响。26名新诊断为临床局限性（14例T(1)期和12例T(2)期）前列腺癌的男性患者在根治性前列腺切除术前行3周的随机分组，分别接受每日两次15mg番茄红素（n = 15）或不补充（n = 11）。通过蛋白质印迹分析评估前列腺良性和恶性部分的分化和凋亡生物标志物。将前列腺切除标本完全包埋、连续切片，并评估病理分期、Gleason评分、癌体积和高级别前列腺上皮内瘤变范围。在基线以及补充或观察3周后测量血浆中番茄红素、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、IGF结合蛋白-3和前列腺特异性抗原水平。干预组11名（73%）受试者和对照组2名（18%）受试者手术切缘和/或前列腺外组织无癌累及（P = 0.02）。番茄红素组12名（84%）受试者和对照组5名（45%）受试者肿瘤大小<4ml（P = 0.22）。干预组10名（67%）受试者和对照组11名（100%）受试者存在高级别前列腺上皮内瘤变的前列腺弥漫性累及（P = 0.05）。干预组血浆前列腺特异性抗原水平下降18%，而对照组升高14%（P = 0.25）。番茄红素组癌性前列腺组织中连接蛋白43的表达为0.63±0.19吸光度，对照组为0.25±0.08（P = 0.13）。两组间bcl-2和bax的表达无显著差异。两组IGF-1水平均下降（分别为P = 0.0002和P = 0.0003）。结果表明补充番茄红素可能会降低前列腺癌的生长。然而，由于样本量小，目前无法得出确切结论。
