Kucuk Omer, Sarkar Fazlul H, Djuric Zora, Sakr Wael, Pollak Michael N, Khachik Fred, Banerjee Mousumi, Bertram John S, Wood David P
Division of Hematology and Oncology, 3990 John R, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 5 Hudson, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2002 Nov;227(10):881-5. doi: 10.1177/153537020222701007.
Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse association between dietary intake of lycopene and prostate cancer risk. We conducted a clinical trial to investigate the biological and clinical effects of lycopene supplementation in patients with localized prostate cancer. Twenty-six men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive a tomato oleoresin extract containing 30 mg of lycopene (n = 15) or no supplementation (n = 11) for 3 weeks before radical prostatectomy. Biomarkers of cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by Western blot analysis in benign and cancerous prostate tissues. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA oxidation product 5-hydroxymethyl-deoxyuridine (5-OH-mdU). Usual dietary intake of nutrients was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Prostatectomy specimens were evaluated for pathologic stage, Gleason score, volume of cancer, and extent of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Plasma levels of lycopene, insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and prostate-specific antigen were measured at baseline and after 3 weeks of supplementation or observation. After intervention, subjects in the intervention group had smaller tumors (80% vs 45%, less than 4 ml), less involvement of surgical margins and/or extra-prostatic tissues with cancer (73% vs 18%, organ-confined disease), and less diffuse involvement of the prostate by high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (33% vs 0%, focal involvement) compared with subjects in the control group. Mean plasma prostate-specific antigen levels were lower in the intervention group compared with the control group. This pilot study suggests that lycopene may have beneficial effects in prostate cancer. Larger clinical trials are warranted to investigate the potential preventive and/or therapeutic role of lycopene in prostate cancer.
流行病学研究表明，番茄红素的膳食摄入量与前列腺癌风险呈负相关。我们进行了一项临床试验，以研究补充番茄红素对局限性前列腺癌患者的生物学和临床影响。26名新诊断为前列腺癌的男性在根治性前列腺切除术前行3周的随机分组，分别接受含30mg番茄红素的番茄油树脂提取物（n = 15）或不进行补充（n = 11）。通过蛋白质免疫印迹分析评估良性和癌性前列腺组织中细胞增殖和凋亡的生物标志物。通过测量外周血淋巴细胞DNA氧化产物5-羟甲基脱氧尿苷（5-OH-mdU）评估氧化应激。在基线时通过食物频率问卷评估营养素的日常膳食摄入量。对前列腺切除标本进行病理分期、Gleason评分、癌体积和高级别前列腺上皮内瘤变范围的评估。在基线以及补充或观察3周后测量血浆中番茄红素、胰岛素样生长因子-1、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3和前列腺特异性抗原的水平。干预后，与对照组相比，干预组患者的肿瘤较小（80%对45%，小于4ml），手术切缘和/或前列腺外组织受癌累及较少（73%对18%，器官局限性疾病），高级别前列腺上皮内瘤变累及前列腺的范围较局限（33%对0%，局灶性累及）。干预组的平均血浆前列腺特异性抗原水平低于对照组。这项初步研究表明，番茄红素可能对前列腺癌有有益作用。有必要进行更大规模的临床试验，以研究番茄红素在前列腺癌中的潜在预防和/或治疗作用。
