Tisch M, Lohmeier A, Schmezer P, Bartsch H, Maier H
Abteilung für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2001 Jul 27;126(30):840-4. doi: 10.1055/s-2001-16020.
In numerous experimental and epidemiologic studies Pentachlorphenol (PCP) and Hexachlorcyclohexan (Lindane) have been shown to be of potential carcinogenic risk for human epithelial cells. In the past, these two substances have been used for both, military and non-military purposes, e.g. for impregnation of textiles and uniforms. In this study we investigated the genotoxic effect of PCP and Lindane on human mucosal tissue from the middle and lower nasal turbinate.
In biopsy samples obtained from nasal epithelia during surgery cell vitality was evaluated by trypan-blue-staining. The specimens were incubated for 60 minutes with PCP (0.3; 0.75 und 1.2 mumol/l) and Lindane (0.5; 0.75; and 1.0 mumol/ml). The induction of DNA-damage (single-strand-breaks and double-strand-breaks) caused by PCP and Lindane was measured using single-cell microgel electrophoresis. Evaluation was performed by fluorescence microscopy.
Especially in mucosa cells from the middle turbinate severe DNA-damages were recognized after exposition to PCP and Lindane proposing a strong genotoxic effect. In cells from the lower turbinate DNA-changes caused by PCP and Lindane were significantly lower. However a considerable genotoxic effect was also present.
This study shows for the first time that there are clear facts indicating mutagenic effects of PCP and Lindane on nasal epithelia. Furthermore, this is the first study showing different susceptibility of two anatomic subsites in the nose for different pesticides. Concerning the biological plausibility, this study offers important arguments for evaluating the role of PCP and Lindane in the induction of upper aerodigestive tract cancer.
在众多实验和流行病学研究中，已表明五氯苯酚（PCP）和六氯环己烷（林丹）对人类上皮细胞具有潜在致癌风险。过去，这两种物质曾用于军事和非军事用途，例如用于纺织品和制服的浸渍。在本研究中，我们调查了PCP和林丹对中鼻甲和下鼻甲人类黏膜组织的遗传毒性作用。
在手术过程中从鼻上皮获取的活检样本中，通过台盼蓝染色评估细胞活力。将标本与PCP（0.3；0.75和1.2μmol/l）和林丹（0.5；0.75；和1.0μmol/ml）孵育60分钟。使用单细胞微凝胶电泳测量由PCP和林丹引起的DNA损伤（单链断裂和双链断裂）。通过荧光显微镜进行评估。
尤其是在中鼻甲的黏膜细胞中，暴露于PCP和林丹后可识别出严重的DNA损伤，提示有强烈的遗传毒性作用。在下鼻甲的细胞中，PCP和林丹引起的DNA变化明显较低。然而，也存在相当程度的遗传毒性作用。
本研究首次表明，有明确事实表明PCP和林丹对鼻上皮有诱变作用。此外，这是第一项表明鼻子中两个解剖亚部位对不同农药有不同易感性的研究。关于生物学合理性，本研究为评估PCP和林丹在上呼吸道消化道癌症诱导中的作用提供了重要依据。
