Macmillan M
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia, 3125.
J Hist Neurosci. 2001 Aug;10(2):149-62. doi: 10.1076/jhin.10.2.149.7254.
If John Martyn Harlow is known at all in the neurosciences, it is because he was the physician who attended Phineas Gage and followed up his case. Although Harlow's brief but insightful accounts of the changes in Gage's personality are fairly well recognized, and his skill in treating Gage often acknowledged, Harlow himself is, for the most part, the shadowy figure caught by the self-depreciatory characterization of the subtitle of this paper. Although his contribution to the neurosciences was singular, literally and figuratively, he deserves a place in the history of the subject. Harlow's training in antiphlogistic therapy can be seen in his treatment of Gage and in his evaluation of its results. As a medical student, he was also exposed to phrenological doctrine, the influence of which can also be seen in his appreciation and explanation of some aspects of Gage's behaviour. Manuscript materials, newspaper reports, and other little known material are used here to evaluate Harlow's contributions to medicine and to the medical, political, and civic life of Cavendish, Woburn, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
如果约翰·马丁·哈洛在神经科学领域为人所知，那是因为他是照料菲尼亚斯·盖奇并跟进其病例的医生。尽管哈洛对盖奇性格变化的简短却深刻的描述广为人知，他治疗盖奇的医术也常被认可，但在很大程度上，哈洛本人是被本文副标题中自我贬低的描述所笼罩的模糊人物。尽管他对神经科学的贡献无论从字面上还是比喻意义上来说都是独一无二的，但他在该学科的历史中理应占有一席之地。哈洛在抗炎症疗法方面的训练可以从他对盖奇的治疗及其结果评估中看出。作为一名医科学生，他还接触过颅相学理论，这一理论的影响也体现在他对盖奇某些行为方面的理解和解释中。这里使用手稿材料、报纸报道及其他鲜为人知的资料来评估哈洛对医学以及对卡文迪什、沃本和马萨诸塞州的医学、政治及公民生活所做的贡献。
