Multani A S, Ozen M, Furlong C L, Zhao Y J, Hsu T C, Pathak S
Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
Chromosoma. 2001 Jul;110(3):214-20. doi: 10.1007/s004120100133.
The purpose of this investigation was twofold. The first objective was to demonstrate that, in most of ten mammalian species commonly used in biomedical research, not all constitutive heterochromatin (C-bands) represents telomeric DNA. For example, the C-bands in human chromosomes, the long arm of the X and the entire Y chromosome of Chinese hamster, and most of the short arms of Peromyscus and Syrian hamster chromosomes are not telomeric DNA. In addition to the usual terminal telomeric DNA in the chromosomes of these mammalian species, the pericentromeric regions of seven or eight Syrian hamster chromosomes and all Chinese hamster chromosomes except pair one have pericentromeric regions that hybridize with telomeric DNA, some in C-bands and some not. The second objective was to describe a simple fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) reverse-printing procedure to produce black-and-white microphotographs of metaphase and interphase cells showing locations of telomeric DNA with no loss of resolution. Thus, at least three different types of heterochromatin (telomeric heterochromatin, nontelomeric heterochromatin and a combination of both) are present in these mammalian species, and this simple black-and-white reverse printing of telomeric FISH preparations can depict them economically without sacrificing clarity.
本研究有两个目的。第一个目标是证明，在生物医学研究中常用的十种哺乳动物中，并非所有组成型异染色质（C带）都代表端粒DNA。例如，人类染色体中的C带、中国仓鼠X染色体的长臂和整个Y染色体，以及鹿鼠和叙利亚仓鼠染色体的大部分短臂都不是端粒DNA。除了这些哺乳动物染色体中常见的末端端粒DNA外，七八条叙利亚仓鼠染色体的着丝粒周围区域以及除第一对之外的所有中国仓鼠染色体的着丝粒周围区域都与端粒DNA杂交，有些在C带中，有些不在。第二个目标是描述一种简单的荧光原位杂交（FISH）反向打印程序，以制作中期和间期细胞的黑白显微照片，显示端粒DNA的位置，且不损失分辨率。因此，这些哺乳动物中至少存在三种不同类型的异染色质（端粒异染色质、非端粒异染色质以及两者的组合），并且这种简单的端粒FISH制剂黑白反向打印可以在不牺牲清晰度的情况下经济地描绘它们。
