Moreau R A, Singh V, Hicks K B
Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Aug;49(8):3793-5. doi: 10.1021/jf010280h.
Seeds of 49 accessions of corn (Zea mays ssp. mays), 9 accessions of teosinte (Zea species that are thought to be ancestors and probable progenitors to corn), and 3 accessions of Job's tears (Coix lacryma), obtained from a germplasm repository, were ground and extracted with hexane. Whole kernel oil yields and levels of four phytonutrients (free phytosterols, fatty acyl phytosterol esters, ferulate phytosterol esters, and gamma-tocopherol) in the oils were measured. Among the seeds tested, oil yields ranged from 2.19 to 4.83 wt %, the levels of ferulate phytosterol esters in the oil ranged from 0.047 to 0.839 wt %, the levels of free phytosterols in the oil ranged from 0.54 to 1.28 wt %, the levels of phytosterol fatty acyl esters in the oil ranged from 0.76 to 3.09 wt %, the levels of total phytosterols in the oil ranged from 1.40 to 4.38 wt %, and the levels of gamma-tocopherol in the oil ranged from 0.023 to 0.127 wt %. In general, higher levels of all three phytosterol classes were observed in seed oils from accessions of Zea mays ssp. mays than in seed oils from accessions of the other taxonomic groups. The highest levels of gamma-tocopherol were observed in teosinte accessions.
从种质资源库获取了49份玉米（玉米亚种）种子、9份大刍草（被认为是玉米祖先和可能的亲本的玉米属物种）种子和3份薏苡种子，将其研磨并用己烷萃取。测定了全籽粒油产量以及油中四种植物营养素（游离植物甾醇、脂肪酰基植物甾醇酯、阿魏酸植物甾醇酯和γ-生育酚）的含量。在所测试的种子中，油产量在2.19%至4.83%（重量）之间，油中阿魏酸植物甾醇酯含量在0.047%至0.839%（重量）之间，油中游离植物甾醇含量在0.54%至1.28%（重量）之间，油中植物甾醇脂肪酰酯含量在0.76%至3.09%（重量）之间，油中总植物甾醇含量在1.40%至4.38%（重量）之间，油中γ-生育酚含量在0.023%至0.127%（重量）之间。总体而言，在玉米亚种种子油中观察到的所有三种植物甾醇类别的含量均高于其他分类群种子油中的含量。在大刍草种质中观察到γ-生育酚的含量最高。
