Mendonça E A, Cimino J J, Johnson S B, Seol Y H
Department of Medical Informatics, Columbia University, 622 West 168th Street, Vanderbilt Clinic, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10032, USA.
J Biomed Inform. 2001 Apr;34(2):85-98. doi: 10.1006/jbin.2001.1012.
The large and rapidly growing number of information sources relevant to health care, and the increasing amounts of new evidence produced by researchers, are improving the access of professionals and students to valuable information. However, seeking and filtering useful, valid information can be still very difficult. An online information system that conducts searches based on individual patient data can have a beneficial influence on the particular patient's outcome and educate the healthcare worker. In this paper, we describe the underlying model for a system that aims to facilitate the search for evidence based on clinicians' needs. This paper reviews studies of information needs of clinicians, describes principles of information retrieval, and examines the role that standardized terminologies can play in the integration between a clinical system and literature resources, as well as in the information retrieval process. The paper also describes a model for a digital library system that supports the integration of clinical systems with online information sources, making use of information available in the electronic medical record to enhance searches and information retrieval. The model builds on several different, previously developed techniques to identify information themes that are relevant to specific clinical data. Using a framework of evidence-based practice, the system generates well-structured questions with the intent of enhancing information retrieval. We believe that by helping clinicians to pose well-structured clinical queries and including in them relevant information from individual patients' medical records, we can enhance information retrieval and thus can improve patient-care.
与医疗保健相关的信息源数量庞大且迅速增长，研究人员产生的新证据也越来越多，这正在改善专业人员和学生获取有价值信息的途径。然而，寻找和筛选有用、有效的信息仍然非常困难。一个基于个体患者数据进行搜索的在线信息系统，可能会对特定患者的治疗结果产生有益影响，并对医护人员起到教育作用。在本文中，我们描述了一个旨在根据临床医生的需求促进循证搜索的系统的基础模型。本文回顾了对临床医生信息需求的研究，描述了信息检索的原则，并探讨了标准化术语在临床系统与文献资源整合以及信息检索过程中可以发挥的作用。本文还描述了一个数字图书馆系统的模型，该模型支持临床系统与在线信息源的整合，利用电子病历中可用的信息来加强搜索和信息检索。该模型基于几种不同的、先前开发的技术来识别与特定临床数据相关的信息主题。该系统使用循证实践框架，生成结构良好的问题，旨在加强信息检索。我们相信，通过帮助临床医生提出结构良好的临床问题，并将个体患者病历中的相关信息纳入其中，我们可以加强信息检索，从而改善患者护理。
