Carucci J A, Zweibel S M
Mohs' Micrographic and Dermatologic Surgery, Department of Dermatology, NY Presbyterian Hospital, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Facial Plast Surg. 2001 Feb;17(1):11-20. doi: 10.1055/s-2001-16362.
Botulinum A exotoxin, derived from the gram-positive anaerobe Clostridium botulinum, has proven to be safe and effective in the temporary treatment of facial rhytides. In order to obtain reproducible results and avoid complications, it is necessary to understand the relevant physiology and anatomic relationships. Technical considerations including injection technique, dilution, storage, and potential complications will be discussed.
源自革兰氏阳性厌氧菌肉毒梭菌的A型肉毒杆菌外毒素，已被证明在临时治疗面部皱纹方面安全有效。为了获得可重复的结果并避免并发症，有必要了解相关的生理学和解剖学关系。将讨论包括注射技术、稀释、储存和潜在并发症在内的技术要点。
