Clemens S
Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Stress and Environmental Biology, Halle, Saale, Germany.
Planta. 2001 Mar;212(4):475-86. doi: 10.1007/s004250000458.
Transition metals such as copper are essential for many physiological processes yet can be toxic at elevated levels. Other metals (e.g. lead) are nonessential and potentially highly toxic. Plants--like all other organisms--possess homeostatic mechanisms to maintain the correct concentrations of essential metal ions in different cellular compartments and to minimize the damage from exposure to nonessential metal ions. A regulated network of metal transport, chelation, trafficking and sequestration activities functions to provide the uptake, distribution and detoxification of metal ions. Some of the components of this network have now been identified: a number of uptake transporters have been cloned as well as candidate transporters for the vacuolar sequestration of metals. Chelators and chaperones are known, and evidence for intracellular metal trafficking is emerging. This recent progress in the molecular understanding of plant metal homeostasis and tolerance is reviewed.
铜等过渡金属对许多生理过程至关重要，但在高浓度时可能具有毒性。其他金属（如铅）是非必需的，且可能具有高毒性。植物与所有其他生物体一样，拥有稳态机制，以维持不同细胞区室中必需金属离子的正确浓度，并将接触非必需金属离子所造成的损害降至最低。一个由金属运输、螯合、转运和隔离活动组成的受调控网络，其作用是实现金属离子的吸收、分布和解毒。现已确定了该网络的一些组成部分：已克隆了一些吸收转运蛋白以及用于金属液泡隔离的候选转运蛋白。已知有螯合剂和伴侣蛋白，并且细胞内金属转运的证据也在不断涌现。本文综述了植物金属稳态和耐受性分子理解方面的这一最新进展。
