Chao Zhen-Fei, Chao Dai-Yin
National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics & Crop Plant Research (IPK) OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr 3, 06466 Seeland, Germany.
National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
Plant Commun. 2025 Feb 10;6(2):101235. doi: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101235. Epub 2024 Dec 26.
Transition metals are types of metals with high chemical activity. They play critical roles in plant growth, development, reproduction, and environmental adaptation, as well as in human health. However, the acquisition, transport, and storage of these metals pose specific challenges due to their high reactivity and poor solubility. In addition, distinct yet interconnected apoplastic and symplastic diffusion barriers impede their movement throughout plants. To overcome these obstacles, plants have evolved sophisticated carrier systems to facilitate metal transport, relying on the tight coordination of vesicles, enzymes, metallochaperones, low-molecular-weight metal ligands, and membrane transporters for metals, ligands, and metal-ligand complexes. This review highlights recent advances in the homeostasis of transition metals in plants, focusing on the barriers to transition metal transport and the carriers that facilitate their passage through these barriers.
过渡金属是具有高化学活性的金属类型。它们在植物生长、发育、繁殖和环境适应以及人类健康中发挥着关键作用。然而，由于这些金属的高反应性和低溶解性，它们的获取、运输和储存带来了特殊挑战。此外，不同但相互关联的质外体和共质体扩散屏障阻碍了它们在植物体内的移动。为了克服这些障碍，植物进化出了复杂的载体系统来促进金属运输，这依赖于囊泡、酶、金属伴侣、低分子量金属配体以及金属、配体和金属 - 配体复合物的膜转运蛋白之间的紧密协调。本综述重点介绍了植物中过渡金属稳态的最新进展，着重关注过渡金属运输的屏障以及促进它们通过这些屏障的载体。
