Avlund K, Holm-Pedersen P, Schroll M
Department of Social Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001 Jul;49(7):954-62. doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49187.x.
To examine whether functional ability at age 75 and age 80 is associated with oral health and use of dental services cross-sectionally and whether changes in functional ability from age 75 to age 80 are associated with oral health and regular use of dental services at age 80.
The study included a random sample of 75-year-olds at baseline and a follow-up study 5 years later. The data are treated as two cross-sectional studies at age 75 and 80, respectively, and as a longitudinal study from age 75 to 80.
The western part of Copenhagen County.
The two cross-sectional studies of 75- and 80-year-old people included 411 and 321 persons, respectively. The longitudinal study from age 75 to 80 included the 326 persons who participated in both surveys.
Oral health status was measured roughly by number of teeth and chewing ability. Use of dental services was measured by frequency of visits to a dentist or denturist. Functional ability was measured by two scales on mobility in relation to tiredness and need of help. Changes in mobility from age 75 to 80 is described as (1) improved or sustained good, (2) decreased, and (3) sustained poor. Gender, chronic diseases, self-rated health, socio-demographic factors, living alone, and social relations were included as possible confounders.
The odds ratio of having no or few teeth was 1.7 (1.1-2.6) in 75-year-old individuals who felt tired in mobility, 1.7 (1.0-2.9) in 80-year-old persons who needed help with mobility, and 2.7 (0.94-7.5) in persons with sustained need of help with mobility from age 75 to 80. The odds ratio of chewing difficulties was 1.7 (1.1-2.8) in 80-year-old people in need of help, and 1.8 (1.1-3.0) in persons age 75 to 80 needing sustained help. Dentate 80-year-old persons who felt tired in mobility had an odds ratio of 2.0 (0.94-4.2) of not using dental services.
The results indicate that oral impairment (e.g., having no or few teeth), oral functional limitations (e.g., chewing problems), and general functional limitations (e.g., mobility problems) are interrelated and that prevention of disabilities should be aimed at both functional limitations and oral health problems if the intention is to promote a good life in old age. In addition, the results point to the importance of taking problems in mobility seriously in delivering preventive services to old people because people who are tired or dependent on help seem to be at a higher risk of not using dental services regularly.
横断面研究75岁和80岁时的功能能力是否与口腔健康及牙科服务利用情况相关，以及75岁至80岁功能能力的变化是否与80岁时的口腔健康及定期牙科服务利用情况相关。
该研究在基线时纳入了75岁老人的随机样本，并在5年后进行随访研究。数据分别被视为75岁和80岁时的两项横断面研究，以及从75岁至80岁的纵向研究。
哥本哈根县西部。
75岁和80岁人群的两项横断面研究分别纳入了411人和321人。从75岁至80岁的纵向研究纳入了参与两项调查的326人。
口腔健康状况通过牙齿数量和咀嚼能力大致衡量。牙科服务利用情况通过看牙医或假牙师的就诊频率衡量。功能能力通过与疲劳和需要帮助相关的两项 mobility 量表衡量。75岁至80岁 mobility 的变化被描述为：(1)改善或保持良好，(2)下降，(3)持续较差。性别、慢性病、自我评估的健康状况、社会人口学因素、独居情况和社会关系被纳入可能的混杂因素。
在75岁时 mobility 感到疲劳的个体中，无牙或牙少的比值比为1.7(1.1 - 2.6)；在80岁时 mobility 需要帮助的个体中，该比值比为1.7(1.0 - 2.9)；在75岁至80岁持续需要 mobility 帮助的个体中，该比值比为2.7(0.94 - 7.5)。80岁需要帮助的人群中咀嚼困难的比值比为1.7(1.1 - 2.8)，75岁至80岁需要持续帮助的人群中该比值比为1.8(1.1 - 3.0)。80岁有牙但 mobility 感到疲劳的个体不使用牙科服务的比值比为2.0(0.94 - 4.2)。
结果表明口腔损害（如无牙或牙少）、口腔功能限制（如咀嚼问题）和一般功能限制（如 mobility 问题）相互关联，并且如果旨在促进老年人的美好生活，预防残疾应针对功能限制和口腔健康问题。此外，结果指出在为老年人提供预防服务时认真对待 mobility 问题的重要性，因为感到疲劳或依赖帮助的人似乎更有可能不定期使用牙科服务。
Zotero 插件