Wight N E
Lactation Services, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
J Perinatol. 2001 Jun;21(4):249-54. doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7200533.
As survival rates for preterm infants improve, more attention is being focused on improving the quality of survival through optimal nutritional management. The benefits of human milk for term infants are well recognized, with current research suggesting that human milk may especially benefit the preterm infant. Some mothers are unable or unwilling to provide breastmilk for their infants. Although not as well studied as mother's own milk, pasteurized donor human milk can provide many of the components and benefits of human milk while eliminating the risk of transmission of infectious agents. Pasteurization does affect some of the nutritional and immunologic components of human milk, but many immunoglobulins, enzymes, hormones, and growth factors are unchanged or minimally decreased. In California donor human milk costs approximately $3.00 per ounce to purchase. A reduction in length of stay, necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis may result in a relative saving of approximately $11 to the NICU or healthcare plan for each $1 spent for pasteurized donor milk.
随着早产儿存活率的提高，人们越来越关注通过优化营养管理来提高生存质量。母乳对足月儿的益处已得到充分认可，目前的研究表明，母乳可能对早产儿尤其有益。一些母亲无法或不愿意为婴儿提供母乳。虽然巴氏消毒的捐赠母乳不如母亲自己的母乳那样得到充分研究，但它可以提供母乳的许多成分和益处，同时消除感染源传播的风险。巴氏消毒确实会影响母乳的一些营养和免疫成分，但许多免疫球蛋白、酶、激素和生长因子没有变化或仅有轻微减少。在加利福尼亚州，购买捐赠母乳每盎司大约花费3美元。住院时间、坏死性小肠结肠炎和败血症的减少可能会为新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）或医疗保健计划带来相对节省，即每花费1美元购买巴氏消毒的捐赠母乳可节省约11美元。
