Sass H, Jünemann K
Psychiatrische Klinik der RWTH, Aachen.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2001 Sep;69 Suppl 2:S120-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2001-16542.
Following the introduction to the history of the concepts of abnormal personality, with regard to the schizoid and schizotypal forms, we present their systematic assessment in the modern classification systems.Both, the schizoid and schizotypal forms, are usually considered as schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Biological and clinical data indicate relations to other axis-I disorders as well. However there are few systematic and strictly controlled studies on the psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatment of schizotypal and schizoid personality disorders. Basic theoretic assumptions concerning both treatment concepts - for personality disorders in general, and especially in schizoid and schizotypal personality disorder - are given. Finally the role of neuroleptics and antidepressants for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is discussed. New possibilities may emerge from the use of the recently developed atypical drugs, but further research in randomised studies is needed. Current prospective studies on early detected schizophrenia-spectrum disorders will broaden our knowledge about prevention and therapy.
在介绍了异常人格概念的历史后，关于分裂样和分裂型人格形式，我们在现代分类系统中展示了对它们的系统评估。分裂样和分裂型人格形式通常都被视为精神分裂症谱系障碍。生物学和临床数据也表明它们与其他轴I障碍有关。然而，关于分裂型和分裂样人格障碍的心理治疗和药物治疗，系统且严格对照的研究很少。给出了关于这两种治疗概念的基本理论假设——一般针对人格障碍，特别是针对分裂样和分裂型人格障碍。最后讨论了抗精神病药物和抗抑郁药物在精神分裂症谱系障碍中的作用。使用最近开发的非典型药物可能会出现新的可能性，但需要在随机研究中进行进一步研究。目前对早期发现的精神分裂症谱系障碍的前瞻性研究将拓宽我们对预防和治疗的认识。
