Tantam D
University Hospital of South Manchester, West Didsbury.
Br J Psychiatry. 1988 Dec;153:783-91. doi: 10.1192/bjp.153.6.783.
Several scales are described for measuring aspects of eccentricity and social isolation; in particular, for assessing schizoid and schizotypal personality and for rating abnormal non-verbal expression. The latter is shown to be reliable, and the former to have a measure of validity. There was an association between schizoid personality traits and abnormalities of speech and non-verbal expression. However, abnormal non-verbal expression, but not schizoid personality traits or DSM-III schizotypal personality disorder, was particularly likely to occur in those subjects who had evidence of neurological deficit, and childhood symptoms indicative of developmental disorder. Abnormal non-verbal expression, but not personality disorder, was also associated with other characteristic features of Asperger's syndrome, such as unusual, 'special' interests. It is suggested that Asperger's syndrome is a distinct syndrome from either schizoid or schizotypal personality disorder, but may be a risk factor for the development of schizoid personality disorder.
有几种量表可用于测量古怪和社交孤立的各个方面；特别是用于评估分裂样人格和分裂型人格，以及对异常的非言语表达进行评分。后者被证明是可靠的，前者具有一定的效度。分裂样人格特质与言语和非言语表达异常之间存在关联。然而，异常的非言语表达，而非分裂样人格特质或DSM-III分裂型人格障碍，尤其可能出现在那些有神经功能缺损证据以及童年期发育障碍症状的受试者中。异常的非言语表达，而非人格障碍，也与阿斯伯格综合征的其他特征相关，比如不寻常的“特殊”兴趣。有人提出，阿斯伯格综合征是一种与分裂样或分裂型人格障碍不同的独特综合征，但可能是分裂样人格障碍发展的一个风险因素。
