Rothbaum B O, Mellman T A
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2001 Jul;14(3):481-90. doi: 10.1023/A:1011104521887.
Exposure therapy is a well-established treatment for PTSD that requires the patient to focus on and describe the details of a traumatic experience. Nightmares that refer to or replicate traumatic experiences are prominent and distressing symptoms of PTSD and appear to exacerbate the disorder. With this apparent paradox in mind, exposure therapy and the literature on sleep and PTSD are reviewed in the context of the relationship between therapeutic exposure and exposure to trauma-related stimuli that occurs in dreams. It is concluded that nightmares that replay the trauma and disrupt sleep do not meet requirements for therapeutic exposure, whereas other dreaming may aid in the recovery from trauma.
暴露疗法是一种针对创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的成熟治疗方法，该疗法要求患者专注于并描述创伤经历的细节。指涉或重现创伤经历的噩梦是创伤后应激障碍的突出且令人痛苦的症状，似乎会加剧该障碍。鉴于这一明显的矛盾，本文在治疗性暴露与梦境中出现的与创伤相关刺激的暴露之间的关系背景下，对暴露疗法以及关于睡眠与创伤后应激障碍的文献进行了综述。得出的结论是，重现创伤并扰乱睡眠的噩梦不符合治疗性暴露的要求，而其他梦境可能有助于创伤的恢复。
