Palombo E A, Semple S J
School of Engineering and Science, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2001 Oct;77(2-3):151-7. doi: 10.1016/s0378-8741(01)00290-2.
Fifty-six ethanolic extracts of various parts of 39 plants used in traditional Australian Aboriginal medicine were investigated for their antibacterial activities against four Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and four Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium) bacterial species. In a plate-hole diffusion assay, 12 extracts inhibited the growth of one or more of the bacteria, with five extracts showing broad spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. B. cereus was the most susceptible bacterium, with all 12 extracts displaying activity against this organism. Extracts from the leaves of Eremophila species (Myoporaceae) were the most active, with Eremophila duttonii exhibiting the greatest activity (against Gram-positive bacteria). The antibacterial effects of E. duttonii were further investigated by time-course growth assays which showed that significant growth inhibition was observed in cultures incubated in the presence of the extract within 1 h for B. cereus, E. faecalis and S. aureus and 2 h for S. pyogenes.
对澳大利亚传统原住民医学中使用的39种植物不同部位的56种乙醇提取物进行了研究，考察其对4种革兰氏阳性菌（蜡样芽孢杆菌、粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和化脓性链球菌）和4种革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌）的抗菌活性。在平板打孔扩散试验中，12种提取物抑制了一种或多种细菌的生长，其中5种提取物对革兰氏阳性菌显示出广谱抗菌活性。蜡样芽孢杆菌是最敏感的细菌，所有12种提取物均对该菌有活性。糙苏属（苦槛蓝科）植物叶片的提取物活性最强，其中达顿糙苏的活性最大（针对革兰氏阳性菌）。通过时间进程生长试验进一步研究了达顿糙苏的抗菌作用，结果表明，在提取物存在的情况下培养的蜡样芽孢杆菌、粪肠球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌培养物在1小时内以及化脓性链球菌培养物在2小时内观察到显著的生长抑制。
