Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia.
Indigenous Health Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 4;24(13):11086. doi: 10.3390/ijms241311086.
The Australian rainforest is a rich source of medicinal plants that have evolved in the face of dramatic environmental challenges over a million years due to its prolonged geographical isolation from other continents. The rainforest consists of an inherent richness of plant secondary metabolites that are the most intense in the rainforest. The search for more potent and more bioavailable compounds from other plant sources is ongoing, and our short review will outline the pathways from the discovery of bioactive plants to the structural identification of active compounds, testing for potency, and then neuroprotection in a triculture system, and finally, the validation in an appropriate neuro-inflammatory mouse model, using some examples from our current research. We will focus on neuroinflammation as a potential treatment target for neurodegenerative diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) for these plant-derived, anti-inflammatory molecules and highlight cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs) as a better alternative to conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to treat neuroinflammatory disorders.
澳大利亚雨林是药用植物的丰富来源，由于其与其他大陆在地理上长期隔离，这些植物在过去的一百多万年里经历了巨大的环境挑战而进化。雨林中含有丰富的植物次生代谢产物，其浓度在雨林中最高。人们一直在从其他植物来源中寻找更有效、更具生物利用度的化合物，我们的简短综述将概述从发现具有生物活性的植物到鉴定活性化合物、测试效力，然后在三培养系统中进行神经保护，最后在适当的神经炎症小鼠模型中进行验证的途径，我们将使用当前研究中的一些例子来关注神经炎症作为治疗神经退行性疾病（包括多发性硬化症（MS）、帕金森病（PD）和阿尔茨海默病（AD））的潜在治疗靶点，以及将细胞因子抑制性抗炎药物（CSAIDs）作为治疗神经炎症性疾病的传统非甾体抗炎药物（NSAIDs）的更好替代品。
