Mubarak S J, Pedowitz R A, Hargens A R
University of California, Division of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, San Diego.
Curr Orthop. 1989;3:36-40. doi: 10.1016/0268-0890(89)90069-8.
The compartment syndrome is defined as a condition in which high pressure within a closed fascial space (muscle compartment) reduces capillary blood perfusion below the level necessary for tissue viability'. This condition occurs in acute and chronic (exertional) forms, and may be secondary to a variety of causes. The end-result of an extended period of elevated intramuscular pressure may be the development of irreversible tissue injury and Volkmann's contracture. The goal of treatment of the compartment syndrome is the reduction of intracompartmental pressure thus facilitating reperfusion of ischaemic tissue and this goal may be achieved by decompressive fasciotomy. Controversy exists regarding the critical pressure-time thresholds for surgical decompression and the optimal diagnostic methods of measuring intracompartmental pressures. This paper will update and review some current knowledge regarding the pathophysiology, aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the acute compartment syndrome.
骨筋膜室综合征的定义定义为一种在封闭的筋膜间隙（肌肉间隔）内压力升高，导致毛细血管血液灌注降至组织存活所需水平以下的病症。这种情况有急性和慢性（运动性）两种形式，可能继发于多种原因。肌肉内压力长时间升高的最终结果可能是不可逆组织损伤和Volkmann挛缩的发生。骨筋膜室综合征的治疗目标是降低骨筋膜室内压力，从而促进缺血组织再灌注，这一目标可通过减压性筋膜切开术实现。关于手术减压的临界压力 - 时间阈值以及测量骨筋膜室内压力的最佳诊断方法存在争议。本文将更新并综述有关急性骨筋膜室综合征的病理生理学、病因学、诊断和治疗的一些当前知识。
