Trofimov V I, Victorov A, Ivanov M
Institute of Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia.
Adv Space Res. 1996;18(1-2):333-7. doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00824-x.
Two tasks must be accomplished to provide planetary protection for Mars return missions: (1) sterilization of the scientific module to be landed on Mars and (2) reliable sterilization of all material returned to Earth, while ensuring the scientific integrity of martian samples. This paper examines similarity and differences between these two tasks, and includes a discussion of technological implementation conditions and the nature of terrestrial and hypothesized martian microflora. The feasibility of a number of chemical and physical (ultraviolet and ionizing radiation and heating) methods of sterilization for use on the ground and onboard are discussed and compared. A combination of different methods will probably be selected as the most appropriate for ensuring planetary protection on the return mission.
（1）对将在火星上着陆的科学模块进行消毒；（2）对所有返回地球的材料进行可靠消毒，同时确保火星样本的科学完整性。本文研究了这两项任务的异同，包括对技术实施条件以及地球和假设的火星微生物群性质的讨论。文中讨论并比较了多种用于地面和航天器上的化学和物理（紫外线、电离辐射和加热）消毒方法的可行性。可能会选择不同方法的组合作为确保返回任务行星保护的最合适方法。
