Scoon G E, Chicarro A, Schwehm G H, Spiero F
Department of Scientific Projects, Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
Adv Space Res. 1995 Mar;15(3):261-72. doi: 10.1016/s0273-1177(99)80095-7.
The European Space Agency's studies of a Comet Nucleus Sample Return mission (ROSETTA) as its Planetary Cornerstone in its long-term programme 'Horizon 2000' and the Marsnet mission, a potential contribution of the Agency to an international network of surface stations on Mars, has revived the interest in the present state of Planetary Protection requirements. MARSNET was one of the four candidate missions selected in April 1991 for further Design Feasibility (Phase A) Studies. Furthermore, of all space agencies participating in planetary exploration activities only the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration had a well established Planetary Protection Policy on Viking and other relevant planetary missions, whereas ESA is considering the feasibility and potential impact of a planetary protection policy on its Marsnet mission, within the framework of a tight budgetary envelope applicable to ESA's medium (M) class missions. This paper will discuss in general terms the impact of Planetary Protection measures, its implications for Marsnet and the issues arising from this for the implementation of the mission in ESA's scientific programme.
欧洲航天局在其长期计划“地平线2000”中将彗星核样本返回任务（罗塞塔号）作为其行星基石项目进行研究，以及火星网任务（该机构对火星表面站国际网络的潜在贡献），重新唤起了人们对行星保护要求现状的兴趣。火星网是1991年4月选定进行进一步设计可行性（A阶段）研究的四个候选任务之一。此外，在参与行星探索活动的所有空间机构中，只有美国国家航空航天局对海盗号及其他相关行星任务制定了完善的行星保护政策，而欧洲航天局正在其适用于中等（M）级任务的严格预算框架内，考虑行星保护政策对其火星网任务的可行性和潜在影响。本文将总体讨论行星保护措施的影响、其对火星网的影响以及由此给欧洲航天局科学计划中该任务的实施带来的问题。
