Meeker L J, Isdahl W M, Helduser J W
Crew Technology Division, Armstrong Laboratory, Brooks AFB, TX 78235-5104, USA.
SAFE J. 1996 Jan;26(1):34-43.
The necessity of preventing physiologic deconditioning of astronauts exposed to long duration space flights is well known. A method under consideration to prevent this deconditioning is the use of periodic exposure to artificial gravity which could be provided by a centrifuge. This paper presents a design study for a human-powered centrifuge which could be used aboard the NASA Space Shuttle with analyses which quantify many of the forces produced. Consideration is given to managing reaction forces to changes in centrifuge angular velocity, centrifuge imbalance effects, the effects of gyroscopic moment on spacecraft orientation changes, and torque and power requirements as a function of centrifuge performance parameters. A design concept for a "human powered" centrifuge which could provide both exercise and artificial gravity exposure is also considered.
防止长时间太空飞行的宇航员出现生理机能衰退的必要性是众所周知的。一种正在考虑用于防止这种机能衰退的方法是定期暴露于由离心机提供的人工重力环境中。本文介绍了一种人力离心机的设计研究，该离心机可用于美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的航天飞机上，并进行了分析，量化了产生的许多力。考虑了如何处理离心机角速度变化时的反作用力、离心机不平衡效应、陀螺力矩对航天器方向变化的影响，以及作为离心机性能参数函数的扭矩和功率要求。还考虑了一种“人力”离心机的设计概念，它既能提供锻炼，又能让人暴露于人工重力环境中。
