[Biomedical problems of artificial gravity: overview and challenge].

The limitations of the currently used exercise-based countermeasures and the scientific rationale for the gravity-based countermeasures are addressed. Then, an overview of the physiological effects and requirements for the two types of artificial gravity (AG), i.e., the continuous AG provided by full-time spinning of the entire space system/habitat and the intermittent AG by incorporating a short-arm centrifuge into the spacecraft, is presented. Finally, significance and challenge faced in future research on biochemical problems of artificial gravity are discussed.