Huber R, Rossnagel P, Woese C R, Rachel R, Langworthy T A, Stetter K O
Lehrstuhl fur Mikrobiologie und Archaeenzentrum, Universitat Regensburg, Germany.
Syst Appl Microbiol. 1996 Mar;19(1):40-9. doi: 10.1016/S0723-2020(96)80007-5.
A novel, extremely thermophilic bacterium has been isolated from a neutral volcanic hot spring. The gram-negative, rod-shaped cells were motile and exhibited a complex cell wall composed of murein and a surface protein layer covered by a surface coat. The core lipids consisted of non-phytanyl mono- and diethers and of fatty acid esters. Growth occurred between 57 and 77 degrees C (opt.: 70 degrees C), pH 5.0 and 8.0 (opt.: 7.5) and 0 to 1.5% NaCl (opt.: 0.1% NaCl). The new isolate was a strict anaerobe, growing autotrophically by oxidation of hydrogen or formate, reducing nitrate to ammonium. Instead of nitrate, sulfate or sulfur were used as electron acceptors and H2S was formed as final product. Pyruvate was fermented to acetate, CO2, and hydrogen. The GC-content of the DNA was 54 mol%. On the basis of its 16S rRNA sequence, the new isolate represents a new genus, belonging to the "low G+C" subgroup of the gram-positive bacteria. Strain KC4 (DSM 10501) is described as the type strain of a new genus and species, which we name Ammonifex degensii.
从一个中性火山温泉中分离出了一种新型的嗜热细菌。该革兰氏阴性、杆状细胞具有运动性，其细胞壁结构复杂，由胞壁质和一层被表面包膜覆盖的表面蛋白层组成。核心脂质由非植烷单醚和二醚以及脂肪酸酯组成。在57至77摄氏度（最适温度：70摄氏度）、pH值5.0至8.0（最适pH值：7.5）和0至1.5%氯化钠（最适氯化钠浓度：0.1%）的条件下可生长。新分离出的菌株是严格厌氧菌，可通过氢气或甲酸氧化进行自养生长，将硝酸盐还原为铵。除了硝酸盐外，还可使用硫酸盐或硫作为电子受体，并形成硫化氢作为最终产物。丙酮酸发酵生成乙酸、二氧化碳和氢气。该细菌DNA的鸟嘌呤-胞嘧啶含量为54摩尔%。基于其16S rRNA序列，新分离出的菌株代表一个新属，属于革兰氏阳性菌的“低G+C”亚群。菌株KC4（DSM 10501）被描述为一个新属和新物种的模式菌株，我们将其命名为德氏氨氧化菌（Ammonifex degensii）。
