Schardt D, Schall I, Geissel H, Irnich H, Kraft G, Magel A, Mohar M F, Munzenberg G, Nickel F, Scheidenberger C, Schwab W, Sihver L
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany.
Adv Space Res. 1996;17(2):87-94. doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00516-h.
As a part of the physical-technical program of the heavy-ion therapy project at GSI we have investigated the nuclear fragmentation of high-energy ion beams delivered by the heavy-ion synchrotron SIS, using water as a tissue-equivalent target. For a direct comparison of fragmentation properties, beams of 10B, 12C, 14N, and 16O were produced simultaneously as secondary beams from a primary 18O beam and separated in flight by magnetic beam analysis. The Z-distributions of beam fragments produced in the water target were measured via energy loss in a large ionisation chamber and a scintillator telescope. From these data we obtained both total and partial charge-changing cross sections. In addition we have performed Bragg measurements using two parallel-plate ionization chambers and a water target of variable length. The detailed shape of the measured Bragg curves and the measured cross sections are in good agreement with model calculations based on semi-empirical formulae.
作为德国重离子研究中心（GSI）重离子治疗项目物理技术方案的一部分，我们使用水作为组织等效靶，研究了由重离子同步加速器SIS提供的高能离子束的核碎裂情况。为了直接比较碎裂特性，从初级(^{18}O)束产生的(^{10}B)、(^{12}C)、(^{14}N)和(^{16}O)束作为次级束同时产生，并通过磁束分析在飞行中分离。通过在一个大型电离室和一个闪烁体望远镜中的能量损失，测量了水靶中产生的束流碎片的(Z)分布。从这些数据中，我们得到了总电荷变化截面和部分电荷变化截面。此外，我们使用两个平行板电离室和一个可变长度的水靶进行了布拉格测量。测量得到的布拉格曲线的详细形状和测量截面与基于半经验公式的模型计算结果吻合良好。
