Badhwar G D, Atwell W, Cash B, Weyland M, Petrov V M, Tchernykh I V, Shurshakov V A, Arkhangelsky V V, Kushin V V, Klyachin N A, Benton E V, Frank A L, Benton E R, Frigo L A, Dudkin V E, Vana N, Schoner W, Fugger M
NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696, USA.
Radiat Meas. 1996 Nov;26(6):901-16. doi: 10.1016/s1350-4487(96)00082-0.
A joint NASA Russia study of the radiation environment inside the Space Shuttle was performed on STS-63. This was the second flight under the Shuttle-Mir Science Program (Phase 1). The Shuttle was launched on 2 February 1995, in a 51.65 degrees inclination orbit and landed at Kennedy Space Center on 11 February 1995, for a total flight duration of 8.27 days. The Shuttle carried a complement of both passive and active detectors distributed throughout the Shuttle volume. The crew exposure varied from 1962 to 2790 microGy with an average of 2265.8 microGy or 273.98 microGy/day. Crew exposures varied by a factor of 1.4, which is higher than usual for STS mission. The flight altitude varied from 314 to 395 km and provided a unique opportunity to obtain dose variation with altitude. Measurements of the average east-west dose variation were made using two active solid state detectors. The dose rate in the Spacehab locker, measured using a tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC), was 413.3 microGy/day, consistent with measurements made using thermoluminescent detectors (TLDs) in the same locker. The average quality factor was 2.33, and although it was higher than model calculations, it was consistent with values derived from high temperature peaks in TLDs. The dose rate due to galactic cosmic radiation was 110.6 microGy/day and agreed with model calculations. The dose rate from trapped particles was 302.7 microGy/day, nearly a factor of 2 lower than the prediction of the AP8 model. The neutrons in the intermediate energy range of 1-20 MeV contributed 13 microGy/day and 156 microSv/day, respectively. Analysis of data from the charged particle spectrometer has not yet been completed.
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）和俄罗斯联合开展了一项针对航天飞机内部辐射环境的研究，该研究在STS - 63任务中进行。这是航天飞机 - 和平号科学计划（第一阶段）下的第二次飞行。航天飞机于1995年2月2日发射，进入倾角为51.65度的轨道，并于1995年2月11日在肯尼迪航天中心着陆，总飞行时长为8.27天。航天飞机搭载了分布于整个航天飞机舱内的被动和主动探测器。机组人员的辐射暴露量在1962至2790微戈瑞之间，平均为2265.8微戈瑞，即273.98微戈瑞/天。机组人员曝光量相差1.4倍，这高于STS任务的通常情况。飞行高度在314至395千米之间变化，为获取剂量随高度的变化提供了独特机会。使用两个主动固态探测器对东西方向的平均剂量变化进行了测量。使用组织等效正比计数器（TEPC）在太空实验室储物箱中测得的剂量率为413.3微戈瑞/天，与在同一储物箱中使用热释光探测器（TLD）进行的测量结果一致。平均品质因数为2.33，虽然高于模型计算值，但与从TLD高温峰值得出的值一致。银河系宇宙辐射导致的剂量率为110.6微戈瑞/天，与模型计算结果相符。捕获粒子产生的剂量率为302.7微戈瑞/天，比AP8模型的预测值低近2倍。能量在1 - 20兆电子伏特的中能范围内的中子分别贡献了13微戈瑞/天和156微希沃特/天。带电粒子光谱仪的数据分析尚未完成。
