Vorobiev D, Maillet A, Fortrat J O, Pastushkova L, Allevard A M, Sigaudo D, Cartier R, Patricot M, Andre-Deshays C, Kotovskaya A, Grigoriev A, Gharib C, Gauquelin G
Institute of Biomedical Problems, Moscow, Russia.
Acta Astronaut. 1995 Oct-Dec;36(8-12):733-42. doi: 10.1016/0094-5765(95)00164-6.
During the Altair MIR '93 mission we studied several parameters involved in blood volume regulation. The experiment was done on two cosmonauts before (B-60, B-30), during (D6, D12, D18 for French and D7, D12, D17 for Russian) and after the flight (R+1, R+3 and R+7). Space flight durations were different for two cosmonauts: for the Russian the flight duration was 198 days and for the French 21 days. On board the MIR station only urinary (volume and electrolytes, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and catecholamines) and salivary (cGMP and cortisol) samples were collected, centrifuged and stored in freezer. Lithium was used as a tracer to know exactly the 24 h urine output (CNES urine collection Kit). Before and after flight, blood was drawn with an epicite needle and vacutainer system for hormonal assays (renin, antidiuretic hormone, cGMP, ANP and aldosterone) in two positions: after 30 min rest in upright seated position and after 90 min of supine position. Salivary samples were collected simultaneously. During flight a decrease of diuresis and ANP and an increase of osmolality were found. No modifications of hematocrit, but an increase of salivary cGMP and cortisol were also observed. The decrease of urinary ANP is in favor of hypovolemia as described in previous flights. The postflight examinations revealed changes in fluid-electrolyte metabolism which indicate a hypohydration status and a stimulation of hormonal system responsible for water and electrolyte retention in order to readapt to the normal gravity.
在“阿尔泰尔MIR '93”任务期间，我们研究了与血容量调节相关的几个参数。该实验在两名宇航员飞行前（B - 60、B - 30）、飞行期间（法国宇航员为D6、D12、D18，俄罗斯宇航员为D7、D12、D17）以及飞行后（R + 1、R + 3和R + 7）进行。两名宇航员的太空飞行时长不同：俄罗斯宇航员的飞行时长为198天，法国宇航员为21天。在和平号空间站上，仅采集尿液（容量和电解质、心房利钠肽（ANP）、环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）和儿茶酚胺）和唾液（cGMP和皮质醇）样本，进行离心并储存在冰箱中。锂被用作示踪剂以准确测定24小时尿量（法国国家空间研究中心尿液收集套件）。在飞行前后，用静脉穿刺针和真空采血管系统在两个体位采集血液用于激素检测（肾素、抗利尿激素、cGMP、ANP和醛固酮）：在直立坐姿休息30分钟后以及仰卧90分钟后。同时采集唾液样本。在飞行期间，发现尿量和ANP减少，渗透压增加。血细胞比容无变化，但唾液cGMP和皮质醇增加。尿液ANP的减少有利于低血容量，正如之前飞行中所描述的那样。飞行后的检查揭示了液体 - 电解质代谢的变化，这表明存在脱水状态以及负责水和电解质潴留的激素系统受到刺激，以便重新适应正常重力。
